How to put the blade on a hacksaw correctly

General requirements for sharpening

Not every garage or workshop has a special machine for sharpening hacksaws, but it doesn’t hurt to tweak the tool with your own hands.

There are, of course, exceptions. hardened teeth cannot be sharpened.

Diamond drills and other tricks won’t help.

Such a saw has an increased resource and cannot be repaired, but replaced with a new one.

It is easy to identify hardened steel. it is black with a blue tint.

A grinder or a file and file is usually used as a hacksaw sharpener.

A prerequisite is to first perform the correct setting of the teeth, because the thickness of the hacksaw blade affects the cutting width, so the edges must be bent to the required width.

blade, hacksaw, correctly

How to sharpen a hacksaw with your own hands

How to properly sharpen a hacksaw yourself, if the need arose?

First you need to decide what material the working blade is made of.

Ordinary steel can be corrected independently, and teeth with victorious solders can only be processed on specialized industrial machines.

Some craftsmen, at their own peril and risk, undertake to sharpen a hacksaw with an angle grinder. but this is an unreliable and dangerous way.

To tidy up an ordinary hand hacksaw for wood at home, you need to determine the shape of the teeth, prepare everything you need, and be sure to observe safety precautions.

How to sharpen a hacksaw with a file

The use of a file is still relevant today, so let’s try to figure out how to properly sharpen a hacksaw at home.

Let’s start by installing the canvas.

It must be fixed, as already mentioned above, in a clamp or vice.

The vise cheeks must be made of wood, with a jaw width of at least 200 mm.

The movement of the file should be uniform, and the pressure on the teeth is made only when moving “forward”.

It is necessary to move the hand with the tool to the starting point freely, without effort on the incisors.

In one working pass, an even layer of metal is removed, this will preserve the step, height and profile of the edge.

The sharpness of the cutter can be reduced by the formation of burrs on the surface and irregularities after the passage of the abrasive.

A file cannot perfectly sharpen a hacksaw, but you can get high quality. after sharpening, the smallest file or a file and a touchstone will come in handy.

Burrs are removed by selective cleaning with a fine abrasive, and the edges are smoothed with a wet donor along the side base of the blade.

Having set a goal to sharpen the hacksaw correctly. pay attention to the preservation of the tops of the teeth.

The same cutter height, correct setting affect tool wear resistance and cut quality.

How to sharpen a hacksaw yourself

A hacksaw for wood belongs to the “eternal” values.

But, in order for a hand saw to always perform its functions, it must be sharpened correctly.

Basic knowledge of the type of cutting edge and its features will come in handy here.

Of the existing methods, we will consider the safest and most popular, using improvised tools and available for home conditions.

Requirements for setting the teeth of the hacksaw

Bending the cutters through one on both sides of the blade, observe a certain value, which can be set on a homemade device.

The width of the set depends on the type of wood.

Soft and damp wood requires a higher incline angle than dry wood.

Generally, hand tools work effectively with an average of 0.2-0.3mm.

At the same time, the total value should not exceed the width of the web.

In addition, the same bend pattern is observed on each side.

The hacksaw set is checked visually or with a vernier caliper.

Pay attention to the size of the tooth. the height of the incisor is especially important.

How to sharpen a hacksaw

The question “How to sharpen a hacksaw with your own hands?” does not lose its relevance, despite the presence of a modern power tool in every home.

The saw is needed on the farm, irreplaceable on vacation, used for cutting boards, logs, chipboard.

It is also necessary for construction, carpentry and installation work; in the garden and workshop.

In the city, in the country or in the garage. everyone has this time-tested tool.

Link Height Alignment

All prongs must be the same height.

Uneven edge results in uneven loading and greatly reduces working efficiency.

Types of hacksaw blades

GOST R 53411-2009 “Hacksaw blades for metal” establishes two types of such tools. for machine and manual cutting. We will not touch on the first ones, but the second ones are produced in three main standard sizes:

  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes 250 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 265 mm;
  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 315 mm;
  • Double, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length not exceeding 315 mm.
blade, hacksaw, correctly

In this case, the thickness of the leaf s of a single version is 0.63 mm, of a double one. 0.80 mm. Height with a single row of tines is 12.5 mm, and with a double row is 20 mm.

GOST also regulates the values ​​of the pitch of the teeth P, mm and their number z, which for the first type of blades are 0.80 / 32, 1.00 / 24 and 1.25 / 20, respectively. Owners of longer hacksaws, in addition to those listed above, can also use hacksaw blades with parameters 1.40 / 18 and 1.60 / 16.

According to the brand of material used for the manufacture of hacksaw blades for metal, they are made from tool steels:

  • H6VF brands.
  • В2Ф brands.
  • High speed, grades P6M5, P12 or P18.

The assortment of domestic hacksaw blades is exhausted by this, however, so-called diamond blades with surface spraying with titanium nitrides or other refractory metals are widespread in specialized retail chains. These canvases can be easily distinguished by their color: ordinary steel canvases are dark gray, and the sprayed ones can have different colors. from bright orange to blue (depending on the manufacturer).

There are also canvases with the so-called tungsten carbide spraying, however, with a very high hardness, they are extremely sensitive to bending stresses. Therefore, when cutting metal, their durability is negligible.

High strength of hacksaw blades for metal is ensured by appropriate heat treatment. On the surface of the blade, two zones with different values ​​of hardness are distinguished: directly at the teeth it ranges from HRC 64. 67 for alloyed tool steels to HRC 73. 78. for high-speed steels (for diamond blades this parameter reaches HRA 82. 84), and in the rest zone. НRС 44. 46. A significant difference in hardness confirms the high sensitivity of the product to bending stresses, therefore, the standard also limits the maximum force applied to the hand hacksaw. It should not exceed 60 kg when working with blades with a tooth pitch of less than 1.4 mm, and 10 kg for blades with a tooth pitch of more than 1.4 mm.

Mowing line curved cut

Compact and full-size hacksaws can cut any type of mowing line. If it is necessary to produce round cuts, the saw is aligned so that it makes a right angle with the part. Turn the bow slowly so that the tool follows the selected line. Marking can be done with a marker or sharp object. It is impossible to make sharp turns, this contributes to a deterioration in cut quality and tool breakage.

How to put a blade on a hacksaw for metal

Hacksaw design for metal

The most common and more common device for performing work with metal is a special hacksaw for metal, which differs from the outside from a hacksaw for wood. A hacksaw for metal is often used in construction and repair work, when it is necessary to accurately and neatly saw not too huge wood and iron workpieces.

The design of hacksaws for metal is quite common: a narrow hacksaw blade is stretched between 2 ends of an iron U-shaped bracket. The working part of a similar saw is the thinnest blade with teeth, and you only need to work with such equipment with 2 hands. The blade fastening system is of 2 types: threaded clamp. under such circumstances, the canvas is stretched and then fixed with a wing nut, the lever mechanism. when the blade is installed and removed using a special lever.

Hacksaws, in which the 2nd method of installing and stretching the blade is used, is more expensive than the first option due to its own versatility, in addition to the speed of installing and removing the blade. The main advantage of hacksaws for metal will be that, in contrast to a power tool, with the help of a hacksaw for metal, of course, work at the breakdown site, for the reason that an electrical network is not needed. Among other advantages of hacksaws for metal. simplicity in the bot, maintenance and low weight.

There are a lot of hacksaw blades on sale. And, this, the price of canvases is also different. The cost of a hacksaw for metal depends on the type of blade and the number of teeth per inch (bimetallic as it is also called with hardened teeth). Bimetallic blades occasionally break, more flexible and more expensive are hardened blades.

Crab handles | Almois jobbing

Varieties of hacksaws

It is difficult for the average consumer to understand the abundance of hacksaws and saws in market conditions everywhere. But, in spite of everything, they are divided into three types, depending on the purpose of the instrument:

  • Hacksaws for wood. This tool is a carpenter’s hacksaw, which is used for sawing logs, boards, wooden blanks, chipboard and fiberboard sheets. A hacksaw for wood, you, has a wide beveled hacksaw blade, along the edge of which the cutting part is located. The cut takes place in a straight line, thanks to the teeth set to the right and to the left. And straight teeth are needed to remove chips, making it easier for the blade to pass.
  • Hacksaw for metal. This is a narrow file that has fine teeth. The canvas is attached to the C-frame from 2 ends, and its tension is adjusted using a special screw. On the plus side, the frame has a rubberized or plastic handle for a comfortable grip.
  • Concrete hacksaw. This tool has a design that is the same as the device of a saw for wood, but has larger teeth. Certain teeth are of course soldered from carbide metal, which allows you to saw foam and sand concrete blocks.

The most important features of a hacksaw are the following characteristics. For hacksaws of various types, the blade length is 300.700 mm. Depending on how correctly you can choose a studio, what size of the workpiece will be sawn, and a hacksaw with a suitable blade in length is chosen.

The pitch of the teeth must be known, because according to this indicator, it is determined with what thickness and hardness materials the hacksaw blade will be controlled. For example, teeth with a pitch of 3.5 mm are suitable for cutting soft wood, 5 mm for hard wood. Also hacksaws are two- and three-sided to adjust the sharpness of the cutting part.

Principles for choosing a canvas

The selection criteria are:

  • A type of manual hacksaw for metal, more precisely, the distance between the mounting holes. It is better if it is variable, then a hacksaw blade of any standard size is suitable for work.
  • Tensile strength of the cut metal. If the tool is supposed to be used to separate soft, ductile metals. copper, aluminum, etc., then it is advisable to have a hacksaw blade with the lowest hardness. H6VF steel can be adopted as a material; imported canvases have the designation HCS on the lateral plane. High-speed steel blades are suitable for cutting harder metals (corresponding import marking. HSS).
  • The thickness of the metal to be cut and the quality of the separation surface. Foreign practice recommends using the PPI parameter as a selection criterion. the number of tooth vertices per inch of blade length. So, for thin metals, where a very smooth cut surface is required, the PPI24 value is considered correct. If for the user the main factor of productivity than quality, then PPI should be

Types of hacksaw blades

GOST R 53411-2009 “Hacksaw blades for metal” establishes two types of such tools. for machine and manual cutting. We will not touch on the first ones, but the second ones are produced in three main standard sizes:

  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes 250 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 265 mm;
  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 315 mm;
  • Double, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length not exceeding 315 mm.

In this case, the thickness of the leaf s of a single version is 0.63 mm, of a double one. 0.80 mm. Height with a single row of tines is 12.5 mm, and with a double row is 20 mm.

GOST also regulates the values ​​of the pitch of the teeth P, mm and their number z, which for the first type of blades are 0.80 / 32, 1.00 / 24 and 1.25 / 20, respectively. Owners of longer hacksaws, in addition to those listed above, can also use hacksaw blades with parameters 1.40 / 18 and 1.60 / 16.

According to the brand of material used for the manufacture of hacksaw blades for metal, they are made from tool steels:

  • H6VF brands.
  • В2Ф brands.
  • High speed, grades P6M5, P12 or P18.

The assortment of domestic hacksaw blades is exhausted by this, however, so-called diamond blades with surface spraying with titanium nitrides or other refractory metals are widespread in specialized retail chains. These canvases can be easily distinguished by their color: ordinary steel canvases are dark gray, and the sprayed ones can have different colors. from bright orange to blue (depending on the manufacturer).

There are also canvases with the so-called tungsten carbide spraying, however, with a very high hardness, they are extremely sensitive to bending stresses. Therefore, when cutting metal, their durability is negligible.

High strength of hacksaw blades for metal is ensured by appropriate heat treatment. On the surface of the blade, two zones with different values ​​of hardness are distinguished: directly at the teeth it ranges from HRC 64. 67 for alloyed tool steels to HRC 73. 78. for high-speed steels (for diamond blades this parameter reaches HRA 82. 84), and in the rest zone. НRС 44. 46. A significant difference in hardness confirms the high sensitivity of the product to bending stresses, therefore, the standard also limits the maximum force applied to the hand hacksaw. It should not exceed 60 kg when working with blades with a tooth pitch of less than 1.4 mm, and 10 kg for blades with a tooth pitch of more than 1.4 mm.

Application environment

Saws are used for cutting soft metals (bronze, copper, aluminum) and polymer products. The thickness of the hacksaw blade is selected based on the type of material being processed.

Hacksaw blade for metal. its types and principles of use

A hacksaw blade for metal is a consumable that quickly breaks down. The service life of the file depends on the way the metal is processed with a hacksaw and the skill of using the tool. Correct selection of replacement part plays an important role.

How to properly saw with a hacksaw for metal

The general theory of sawing with a hacksaw for metal looks like this:

Looking at this picture, you can suddenly become sad, so the further presentation of the material will be based on solving those problems that have arisen in the course of the recent accidental practical application (in economic theory, this is called learning-by-doing) of this ancient tool and the corresponding technology for cutting metals.

So, let’s start with the fact that you need to cut with a hacksaw for metal horizontally, grabbing the tool with both hands. Why would it be good to use a hacksaw with a well-defined handle for gripping with the second hand.

In this video, the whole story about how to saw, in fact, is presented, but now a postscript will be presented with a number of additions and amendments (plus a short retelling of the content of the vidos).

Sawing horizontally is inconvenient, because this requires that the workpiece be fixed at chest level, and sawing while standing. However, workbenches, as a rule, are tables at which you need to sit, and if sawing, then standing and from top to bottom. Therefore, hacksaws are often made with one hand and saw them at an angle of 45 °.

To regulate the pressure on the saw (the harder the metal, the more you need to load the blade, press on it so that the teeth bite into the flesh; and vice versa. if the teeth cut too hard, for example, into aluminum, then you need to reduce the pressure) you can: a) change angle of inclination when sawing, b) put your hand on top to increase weight, c) unfold the blade with the teeth back.

The saw often gets stuck in the cut when it reaches the end of the bar. This is due to the fact that the blade has a wavy set of teeth (so that the cut is wider than the blade and it does not get stuck in the cut), but over time, in the center of the blade, the amplitude of this wave decreases, and at the ends it is almost not.

This misalignment has arisen on the basis of sawing with this blade, previously not all of its length. It is no longer possible to correct (increase the dilution in the center or decrease at the ends), due to the fact that the teeth are hardened. So the moral: from the very beginning of the operation of a new blade, you must always saw through its entire length.

Next problem: If you cut a thin sheet of metal that is thinner than the distance between the teeth, the saw gets stuck:

If the metal is hard (iron), you will move the horseradish, and if it is soft (aluminum), a huge piece of metal is torn out, torn edges are formed, the edge bends.

Saw at an angle to form a kerf of such a length that at least two teeth lie on the kerf at the same time (kerf length ≥ two tooth spacing).

Next topic: sawing a thin-walled aluminum pipe:

We install the blade with the teeth back, we twist the pipe in the direction of the teeth (otherwise the blade will get stuck at the near edge of the cut, and when force is applied, it will break).

Well, and even before the heap. the blade of a hacksaw for metal can be restored, the teeth can be sharpened, for example, in this way:

Initially, this diamond disc was larger in diameter and this drill with this disc, being pressed in this way to the blade, was located strictly parallel to the mowing line of the blade teeth, and the disc, respectively, was perpendicular. And it was right. in the new hacksaw, the front face-surfaces of the teeth are orthogonal to the blade. Now a small negative angle is formed. slightly less better, but also normal.

Types of hacksaw blades

GOST R 53411-2009 “Hacksaw blades for metal” establishes two types of such tools. for machine and manual cutting. We will not touch on the first ones, but the second ones are produced in three main standard sizes:

  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes 250 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 265 mm;
  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 315 mm;
  • Double, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length not exceeding 315 mm.

In this case, the thickness of the leaf s of a single version is 0.63 mm, of a double one. 0.80 mm. Height with a single row of tines is 12.5 mm, and with a double row is 20 mm.

GOST also regulates the values ​​of the pitch of the teeth P, mm and their number z, which for the first type of blades are 0.80 / 32, 1.00 / 24 and 1.25 / 20, respectively. Owners of longer hacksaws, in addition to those listed above, can also use hacksaw blades with parameters 1.40 / 18 and 1.60 / 16.

According to the brand of material used for the manufacture of hacksaw blades for metal, they are made from tool steels:

  • H6VF brands.
  • В2Ф brands.
  • High speed, grades P6M5, P12 or P18.

The assortment of domestic hacksaw blades is exhausted by this, however, so-called diamond blades with surface spraying with titanium nitrides or other refractory metals are widespread in specialized retail chains. These canvases can be easily distinguished by their color: ordinary steel canvases are dark gray, and the sprayed ones can have different colors. from bright orange to blue (depending on the manufacturer).

There are also canvases with the so-called tungsten carbide spraying, however, with a very high hardness, they are extremely sensitive to bending stresses. Therefore, when cutting metal, their durability is negligible.

High strength of hacksaw blades for metal is ensured by appropriate heat treatment. On the surface of the blade, two zones with different values ​​of hardness are distinguished: directly at the teeth it ranges from HRC 64. 67 for alloyed tool steels to HRC 73. 78. for high-speed steels (for diamond blades this parameter reaches HRA 82. 84), and in the rest zone. НRС 44. 46. A significant difference in hardness confirms the high sensitivity of the product to bending stresses, therefore, the standard also limits the maximum force applied to the hand hacksaw. It should not exceed 60 kg when working with blades with a tooth pitch of less than 1.4 mm, and 10 kg for blades with a tooth pitch of more than 1.4 mm.

Hacksaw for metal how to put the blade correctly

Hacksaw blade for metal. How to choose and install?

A hacksaw blade for metal is one of the most short-lived elements from the entire range of consumables for tools. Of course, a lot depends on the technology of working with metal and the skills of using a hacksaw, but first of all you need to be able to make the right choice of the blade. Today, we will talk about the choice and types, and also learn how to easily change the hacksaw blade.

blade, hacksaw, correctly

How to replace metal saw blade

Hacksaw blade for metal. How to choose and install?

The blade for a hacksaw for metal is one of the most short-lived elements from the entire range of consumables for tools. Of course, a lot depends on the technology of working with metal and the skills of using a hacksaw, but first of all you need to be able to make the right choice of the blade. Today, we will talk about the choice and types, and also learn how to easily change the hacksaw blade.

Types of hacksaw blades

GOST R 53411-2009 “Hacksaw blades for metal” establishes two types of such tools. for machine and manual cutting. We will not touch on the first ones, but the second ones are produced in three main standard sizes:

  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes 250 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 265 mm;
  • Single, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length of no more than 315 mm;
  • Double, with a distance between the fixing holes of 300 ± 2 mm, with a total blade length not exceeding 315 mm.

In this case, the thickness of the leaf s of a single version is 0.63 mm, of a double one. 0.80 mm. Height with a single row of tines is 12.5 mm, and with a double row is 20 mm.

GOST also regulates the values ​​of the pitch of the teeth P, mm and their number z, which for the first type of blades are 0.80 / 32, 1.00 / 24 and 1.25 / 20, respectively. Owners of longer hacksaws, in addition to those listed above, can also use hacksaw blades with parameters 1.40 / 18 and 1.60 / 16.

According to the brand of material used for the manufacture of hacksaw blades for metal, they are made from tool steels:

  • H6VF brands.
  • В2Ф brands.
  • High speed, grades P6M5, P12 or P18.

The assortment of domestic hacksaw blades is exhausted by this, however, so-called diamond blades with surface spraying with titanium nitrides or other refractory metals are widespread in specialized retail chains. These canvases can be easily distinguished by their color: ordinary steel canvases are dark gray, and the sprayed ones can have different colors. from bright orange to blue (depending on the manufacturer).

There are also canvases with the so-called tungsten carbide spraying, however, with a very high hardness, they are extremely sensitive to bending stresses. Therefore, when cutting metal, their durability is negligible.

High strength of hacksaw blades for metal is ensured by appropriate heat treatment. On the surface of the blade, two zones with different values ​​of hardness are distinguished: directly at the teeth it ranges from HRC 64. 67 for alloyed tool steels to HRC 73. 78. for high-speed steels (for diamond blades this parameter reaches HRA 82. 84), and in the rest zone. НRС 44. 46. A significant difference in hardness confirms the high sensitivity of the product to bending stresses, therefore, the standard also limits the maximum force applied to the hand hacksaw. It should not exceed 60 kg when working with blades with a tooth pitch of less than 1.4 mm, and 10 kg for blades with a tooth pitch of more than 1.4 mm.

Principles for choosing a canvas

The selection criteria are:

  • A type of manual hacksaw for metal, more precisely, the distance between the mounting holes. It is better if it is variable, then a hacksaw blade of any standard size is suitable for work.
  • Tensile strength of the cut metal. If the tool is supposed to be used to separate soft, ductile metals. copper, aluminum, etc., then it is advisable to have a hacksaw blade with the lowest hardness. H6VF steel can be adopted as a material; imported canvases have the designation HCS on the lateral plane. High-speed steel blades are suitable for cutting harder metals (corresponding import marking. HSS).
  • The thickness of the metal to be cut and the quality of the separation surface. Foreign practice recommends using the PPI parameter as a selection criterion. the number of tooth vertices per inch of blade length. So, for thin metals, where a very smooth cut surface is required, the PPI24 value is considered correct. If for the user the main factor of productivity than quality should be PPI Quick cut for glass. Glazier’s Unusual Mop