Installation of debalanced shafts of reversal vibration placers. What is the device of the vibration plate?

Operation of vibration fuels

In this article, we will try to examine in detail all aspects of the operation of such a type of construction equipment as a vibrating plate.

The use of vibration pins can be decomposed into several components: long.term storage, transportation, active use. The largest number of actions, which is logical, will need to be performed with active use of the vibration plate, so we divide this stage additionally into: pre.shock training, starting/stopping vibration fuels and periodic maintenance.

Most vibro.fuels in the market have approximately the same structure, so in this article we will consider the average vibrating plate. reversible vibro.plate with a gasoline engine weighing 200 kg. (for example: Wacker Neuson BPU 3050)

Installation of debalanced shafts of reversal vibration placers

The article describes the effect of adjusting the debans of vibrators of vibropress equipment intended for the manufacture of piece products from hard concrete (paving slabs, borders and others) for the quality of the manufactured products. A theoretical analysis of the working conditions of vibration press equipment under various conditions was carried out. The device and methodology are proposed for selecting the mass of the debans of vibrators installed on vibro.press equipment. The results of checking the proposed adjustment methods at the LP-500 vibration press (manufacturer Krasnaya Presnya) in production conditions showed that the quality of the products improved. Paving slabs was the same in height, this indicator was determined according to GOST 26433.1-86 distance between two planes. The alignment of paving slabs in height exceeded the requirements of GOST (according to GOST 70 ± 5 mm it turned out 70 ± 1 mm), and in terms of the strength of the paving slabs GOST 17608-91, it requires that it amounts to 90 % of the concrete class in compression from which it is composed. The strength of the tile reached 70 % of the concrete class in compression strength to the compression strength, the same indicators obtained after setting up the vibration press according to the above methods reached 95 ± 2 % on the eighth day of drying, the amount of paving slabs that did not meet the technical conditions decreased from 9. 2 % to 1.8 %, compared with the results of the product of vibration press, established in the factory.

Emelyanenko n.G., Stoyanov f.BUT. Optimization of the parameters of the vibroPress mode for the formation of concrete products // Bulletin of Dneprodzerzhinsky GTU 2011. 215 s.

Anuryev in.And. Director of the designer-machine-builder: in 3 tons. T. one9th ed., Refined. and add./ Ed. And.N. Harsh M.: Mechanical Engineering, 2006 928 p.

Skobeleva and.YU., Vavilov Yu.BUT. A brief reference of the design engineer Phoenix, 2015 272 p.

Lukyanchikov s.BUT. Optimization of the composition of fine.grained concrete for vibro.pressed products using local sands // Bulletin of Tomsk Hus 2013. 256 s.

IV-107A vibrators, used in construction industries, are produced by the Yaroslavl factory for installation on vibration grounds, compacting concrete mixtures, vibration presses and other trim equipment. The vibrator contains two debalans on each side of the rotating shaft of the anchor. Statistical analysis showed that these debans of vibrators have a different mass reaching ± 150 grams. For this reason, at the ends of the vibrator anchor shaft, when its rotation, the disturbing centrifugal forces appear different in size. The vectors of the indignant forces in this case will not be equal and can be located at an angle to each other. When one vibrator, fixed to the slave of the working body, these efforts are perceived by the working body and transmitted to the sealing material. The working organ fluctuates so that its points are described in the space of the ellipsoids, and not a direct fishing line for a directed trimmer. If the technology where the above vibrator is used and the trajectory of the working body (vibroostol) satisfies the regulatory requirements of the work performed, then the value of the disturbing centrifugal forces produced by the vibrator can be adjusted by increasing or reducing the mass of debalans, as provided for by the manufacturer.

On vibro.press equipment designed for the manufacture of piece products made of hard concrete, (for example: elements for paving sidewalks, areas, such as tiles, borders and others) vibrators for compaction of concrete on the vibro.stroke of the press are usually attached in pairs (two pieces nearby) [1, 2]. Under the conditions of the vibrostol, vibro.press equipment requires that the fluctuations trajectory of all points of the surface of the vibrational be in the vertical direction, straightforward and the same in disturbing strength [1, 3]. To achieve these requirements by vibrators, for example, produced at the Yaroslavl factory, without a special alteration, it is impossible. Right.line in the direction and the same in indignant strength on the entire surface of the vibrostol can only be achieved with the same mass of all four debans and with the same arrangement of their masses of the masses of the rotation of the anchors of the vibrators. For example, consider the vibrator produced by the Yaroslavl plant IV-107A. The eccentricity of the debalance (the distance from the center of rotation to the center of gravity of the unbalanced part) of the sector, highlighted by the angle α in the form. In the reference literature, it is determined by formula (1) [4, 5]:

cm, (1)

α = 90 ° 2arcsin (r2/r1) = 90 ° 2arcsin (2.7/9) = 90 ° 217,4576 ° 125 °.

We substitute numerical values ​​and determine the distance from the center of rotation of the debalance to the center of gravity of the unbalanced part R:

cm.

The eccentricity of the debalance, taking into account the areas allocated by the triangles of the ABC, that is, in the form of factory manufacture, is determined by the formula obtained by dividing the moments of space by the sum of the areas of the elements of the shape of the debalance:

cm. (2)

The values ​​of eccentricity, determined by formulas (1) and (2), differ by 6 mm. It is more convenient to use the formula (2), since it does not contain trigonometric functions, and besides, it takes into account the real form of the debalance of the factory-manufacture. The mass of the debalance hub should be deducted from the total mass of the debalance. The mass of the hub is equal

G (3)

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where R2 = 2.7 cm; R3 = 1.75 cm; D = 1.78 cm; G = 7.85 g/cm3.

By substituting numerical values ​​according to the formula (3), we calculate the mass of the debalance hub:

G.

The total mass of four hubs is 185.64 = 742.4 g.

Common types of vibration fracture malfunctions

All malfunctions characteristic of vibration plates are directly related to the main elements. Therefore, breakdowns are divided into several categories, depending on the problem node:

Here it is worth recognizing that the main node of the vibration plate is still the engine. Most of the malfunctions are connected with it.Each type of drive has its own characteristic breakdowns, so it will correctly consider them separately.

As for the frame, stoves and handles, they are extremely rare on their parties. Most often, such components work for many years without any problems.

Cracks in the metal on the stove, frame or handle can be eliminated using welding. But with severe wear, a complete replacement of the components is performed.

Among the relatively frequent repair work includes the replacement of vibro shock absorbers.

Repair of the vibrator unit on the vibration plate

Studying the reasons for which the vibrating plate does not work, or operates unstable, you can often find problems with the vibrator mechanism.

The main reason for its problems is the leak of the omentum, which is located on the shaft of the vibration plate.

In such a situation, oil follows from the system. And prolonged work of vibration fuel without lubrication leads to the fact that the gears begin to wash and the entire node fails.

Here the usual replacement of the seals can no longer be dispensed with. You have to completely disassemble the vibration node and carry out overhaul measures.

But there are other malfunctions that are much easier to cope with your own hands.

  • The engine works at low speed. It is enough to try to raise the engine speed.
  • The drive belt weakened or sagging. If this is possible and the belt is not very worn out, they stretch. Otherwise, a replacement is needed.
  • The belt broke. A new belt corresponding to the characteristics of the vibration plate is required.
  • Engine breakdown. The motor goes for repairs. In the absence of skills, it is better to entrust the repair to specialists.

During operation, try to carefully monitor the appearance of traces of oil leakage. As soon as they noticed them, immediately change the seals. Otherwise this will lead to even more serious and expensive breakdowns.

Repair of an electric motor

Before checking the equipment equipped with an electric engine, the power supply voltage should first check:

  • If the electric motor is single-phase, then it should be 220 V, / permissible instructions for deviations from this parameter;
  • When a three.phase engine is installed on the unit, a voltage of 380 V is necessary (plus or minus, but within the specified limits).

Check the voltage in the outlet using a multimeter, having previously determined using the instructions on what value its equipment electric motor is designed. The device switch is installed in the desired range. The probes are inserted into the corresponding nests.

Multimeter and similar measuring devices are indispensable when checking electrical equipment. With their help, the presence of breaks in the circuit, as well as regulatory indicators of the resistance of the windings of the electric motor are installed.

The reasons for the problems with the electric motor are presented in the table below, which also contains recommendations for the repair of problems.

Problems The reasons Instructions for correcting problems
The electric motor will not start The start button has broken It should be replaced
Gap of power cord It is necessary to find the place of the cliff and connect the broken wires, you can also replace the cable
The fork broke You need to put a new fork
Rupture or burning of windings You should replace the electric motor
Poor contact or breakthrough of the internal electric circuit It is required to set the breakdown site, and then tighten the connection or combine the wiring
The electric engine is warming Overload You need to make regular pauses in work
Bad contact in barn You need to check the connection, tighten the contacts
The pavers are burned Replacement of the electric motor
The electric motor suddenly stops (works with jerks) The presence of poor contact in the electrical circuit It is required to determine the place of poor conductivity, and then restore it (for example, pulling up bolted contacts)
The engine works and the belt does not rotate Cut the shaft You need to replace the engine itself or only the rotor
The pulley is turning on the shaft It is necessary to remove the pulley from the engine from the vibrating plate, then check the seats, and then replace the part (or just fix it well) or repair the shaft
The electric motor does not stop the start button Closing in the control circuit You should find a closed area and disconnect the wiring
The button broke It is necessary to replace it

In very rare cases, the electric motor jam. Often the reason for this is associated with bearings. Therefore, they must be periodically lubricated, according to the operational instructions, and with strong wear. replace new ones with new ones.

Repair of a gasoline unit

Starting the repair of the gasoline internal combustion engine, you must first make sure that the fuel is enough in the non.functioning unit tank, the ignition switch was in the position on the on the side and the air damper was correct. This must be done so as not to disassemble the equipment once again and not waste time in vain.

Most often, ICE problems are caused by the following reasons:

  • low oil level or its poor quality, while the engine does not start at all or stops during operation;
  • pollution of the air filter, which leads to unstable operation of the motor, loss of power or completely to the impossibility of starting it;
  • malfunction of a candle, which causes problems with the start of a gasoline unit or leads to an unstable functioning;
  • strong pollution of the elements of the exhaust system (or the burning of the muffler), which affects a number of operational characteristics of the equipment;
  • wear of the piston or the lack of proper adjustment of the carburetor, which leads to unstable operation without load or drop in power.

To eliminate the problems given in the last paragraph, it is better to contact the specialists of the service center.

Oil check

If the oil level is lower than the norm, then the engine starts in many modern seal models are blocked by built.in sensors. To check this, they do this:

  • Install equipment on an even platform (in a horizontal plane);
  • unscrew the lid of the pouring hole;
  • insert the probe;
  • determine the sufficiency of oil by it.

Vibration fuel oil must be periodically changed due to its pollution: the first time after 20 hours, and all subsequent ones-every 100 hours of continuous operation of the equipment. Lubricants are better to use high quality. The oil should be stored in clean containers.

Cleaning air filter

The air filter is cleaned as follows:

  • Remove, unscrewing the nut, the cover of the air cleaner;
  • unscrew the next nut and take out the filter elements;
  • With warm water with a conventional detergent, the sponge filter is washed, and then it is dried and wetted with engine oil, the excess of which is squeezed;
  • With the help of compressed air, clean the filter element of paper;
  • Collect an air filter.

The figure below shows the air filter diagram and its elements.

Checking the spark plug

To check the condition of the spark plug (its pollution, wear, the distance between the electrodes) act as follows:

  • Using the end key, remove the candle;
  • determine the degree of its wear, as well as the presence of defects, for example, chips;
  • compare the size of the gap between the two electrodes with a nominal value of 0.7-0.8 mm, adjusting the distance if necessary;
  • If the twisted candle cannot be used further, then they put a new.

Service of the exhaust system

The device of the exhaust system is shown in the diagram below.

The service of the exhaust system is carried out as follows:

  • Having promoted the M5 screws, remove the casing;
  • To disconnect the silencer and flame arrester, unscrew the M4 screw;
  • Using a metal brush, remove carbon pollution;
  • If the muffler has not burned out, then the entire knot is assembled.

If, after checking the probable causes of breakdowns, the equipment works, but does not go forward, then it is better to contact the service center.

To reduce the likelihood of damage to gasoline units to a minimum, you need to properly take care of the technique: change oil, filters, candles in time. Before operation, the vibro.fuel with any type of engine should be inspected for external defects, it is also necessary to check the reliability of bolt compounds, the belt stretch. After the work, it is required to clean the unit from various pollutants, for example, soot, dirt, butter. When operating equipment, it is necessary to follow the recommendations set forth in the instructions for it. Simple rules will allow to extend the life of the equipment as much as possible.

How to work with a vibro.fuel

Now to the question of how to start working with a vibration plate of a particular type to perform certain tasks.

Before you start your vibrating plate, you need to carry out several actions:

  • check the general condition of the unit visually;
  • make sure that all elements are reliably fixed;
  • assess the amount of fuel remaining in the tank;
  • If necessary, refill the vibrating plate if it is fuel, not electric;
  • in electrical systems, check the integrity of the cable wiring with a fork for connecting to a socket;
  • make sure that the power source is in good condition, from which the vibrating plate will eat;
  • set the unit on a flat surface.

Now you can start using the device, so the vibration plate is launched. Starting is carried out from the button or using a manual starter, depending on the model.

Regardless of what exactly the vibrating plate is used for, that is, what material is trimmed, there are several general rules for working with such an unit.

  • The processed area must first be cleaned and leveled;
  • a compacted embankment should not be wet or dried;
  • The operator is always in the back of a movable vibration plate;
  • You can not artificially try to speed up the movement of the unit and increase the intensity of rams;
  • когда виброплита меняет направление движения, нужно сразу же поменять положение оператору, переместившись за агрегат;
  • work with breaks specified in the instructions by the manufacturer.

Typically, continuous work is about 40 minutes with subsequent rest for 10-20 minutes.

Also consider that when taming with a special vibrating plate, it is important to observe the prescribed coefficient of sealing of sand, gravel, soil and other processed materials.

Next, we will separately consider the nuances of processing various materials:

Priming

With frosty heaving, heaving type of soil can push the foundation. Because of this, such a type of soil is necessarily removed to a certain depth. Sand or sandy soil is falling asleep instead of soil.

In those cases when a layer of loam or clay remains, then for compaction, not a vibrating plate is used, but more powerful vibrram systems or vibration channel systems.

If we are talking about sandy soil, then its tamping is performed in layers several passages. over, for each layer it takes 3-4 passes.

Sand

Here you should adhere to this algorithm:

  • clean the surface of garbage;
  • levele;
  • fall asleep uniform layer of sand;
  • To moisten to a state when when compressed will not crumble;
  • Perform 3-4 passes using a vibration plate;
  • check the degree of seal;
  • If the sand is compacted enough, then you can fall asleep the second layer of sand;
  • With insufficient compaction, repeat 1-2 passes.

Further, the operations go cyclically, repeating the stages passed.

Insufficient sand humidity reduces the efficiency of tamping, and also provokes the formation of dust, which clogs the filter and leads to overheating of the vibrating plate. And when the sand is waterproof, the quality of the clutch of particles of the interpreted material is disturbed by each other.

If we talk about how much sand is compacted in practice using a vibration plate, then it already depends on the number of layers, sand itself, equipment used, and so on. But usually 3-5 passes are required for 1 layer.

In order to properly trim moistened sand with a special vibrating plate for its preparation for the foundation or other tasks, you need to take into account the degree of compaction. In general cases, they are focused on the seal coefficient in the range of 0.95-0.96.

But if you need to install columns, then the coefficient needs a higher. And here the usual vibration plate is no longer coping. Powerful and heavy vibration channels, or other types of massive tamping equipment are used, are used.

In a situation where the sand is crumpled under the subsequent pouring of the floor with concrete, it is necessary to observe the following requirements:

  • prepare the base by cleaning from garbage and leaving;
  • fall asleep a layer of crushed stone or gravel;
  • Pass the tamping equipment;
  • fill the pillow of sand in 2 layers;
  • After each layer, moisturize and walk with a vibro.plate.

At the same time, sand should also meet certain requirements and standards that are registered in GOST 8735-88. It says that it is necessary to use washed career, seeded or river sand.

Crushed stone

The main problem is a different size of crushed stone fractions. Because of this, you often have to experimentally select the optimal layer thickness.

Having laid out the layer, 4 passes are performed, and then check the seal coefficient. If it is less than the necessary, then repeated passages will not change the result, unlike sand.

To increase the coefficient of crushing seal, it is necessary to remove part of the layer, and then repeat the passages. At the same time, it is recommended to work on crushed stone with corrugated vibration plate.

When working with limestone crushed stone, in which fractions have a size of more than 20 mm, heavy models of vibration plates weighing more than 150 kg are used. With the size of fractions up to 20 mm, moderate vibro.plate weighing 100 kg is suitable.

Safety regulations

The main emphasis must be placed on the following points:

  • The operator must take training courses for working with equipment;
  • When tamping, it is necessary to use protective clothes, headphones and glasses;
  • You can not leave the vibration plate on unattended;
  • If this is an inclined surface, passages are made from top to bottom;
  • the operator and other employees during rolling should be behind the stove;
  • When overturning the equipment, it first needs to be turned off and only then turn over;
  • In the case of a collision on the vibro.plate obstacle, the object is removed, the technique is inspected and only after that is the launch;
  • U.turn should be performed only with one hand;
  • In the process of passages, it is important to ensure that a safe distance is observed between the stove and the operator’s limbs;
  • In places with a limited space, it is better to use units equipped with a remote control system.

Vibrator adjustment

The effectiveness of the use of vibrators for concrete depends on their proper selection for a particular case of application. The most important vibrational characteristic of the vibrator is the forcing force caused by oscillations, this force has a direct effect of the oscillating system and material subject to vibration processing.

The forcing (centrifugal) force [KN] of oscillations depends on the other two vibrational characteristics of the vibrator. the frequency of oscillations [Hz or oscillations per second] (quadratic dependence) and on the static moment of debalanes [KGHSM] (direct dependence). Accordingly, to adjust the vibration characteristics of the vibrator, there are two possibilities: a change in the frequency of oscillations and a change in the static moment of debalanes.

The frequency of vibrations created by the vibrator is equal to the speed of rotation of its electric motor (number of revolutions per minute/second), which in turn directly depends on the frequency of electric current [Hz]. The frequency of electric current in the network is usually 50 Hz.

In order to develop a different number of revolutions and a different frequency of oscillations, vibrators constructively differ in the number of poles, 2 poles provide 3000 revolutions/min or 50 Hz. An increase in the number of poles is twice (up to 4) ensures a decrease in the number of revolutions of the vibrator motor shaft by double (up to 1,500 revolutions/min or 25 Hz) and t.D.

The regulation of the speed of the vibrator electric motor and the frequency of oscillations created by the vibrator is possible using a frequency converter (inverter or control cabinet).

The static moment of the debate of the vibrator is adjusted by changing the mutual location of the adjustable debtor’s debalanes. By changing the static moment of debalanes, you can change the directly forcing the power of oscillations. An important characteristic is also an amplitude of oscillations of [mm] of the vibrational system on which the vibrator is installed. It directly depends on the static moment of the debate of the vibrator and is inversely proportional to the total mass of the oscillating system.

The amplitude of the oscillations of the mobile system in the places of installation of vibrators, see:

where Moscow is a static moment of the vibrator, kg cm; MC. mass of the mobile system, kg; MV. weight of the vibrator, kg; n is the number of vibrators, pcs.

The vibrator adjustment should be carried out before starting it. Each vibrator functioning mode requires the installation of debans in a specific position.

The debans of general.purpose vibrators are installed on the shaft in the form of double elements, they are equipped with two such details (on both sides of the shaft). In deep vibrators, the adjustment of the static moment is structurally impossible, since they are equipped with only one debalance (runner).

Adjusting the fluctuation force of the debalant nodes is carried out due to the installation of these pairing elements in a certain position. The correct location is fixed by fixing parts. In this case, parts of such a part should be located symmetrically in relation to the vertical axis, that is, on both sides of the shaft, their position should be the same. Debalaxiers in modern vibrators can usually be installed in six different positions. Thanks to this, the vibration spaces are capable of working in three modes: prolonged functioning and repeated work with different frequency of rest.

S1. a long mode of operation is usually used in the first (weakest) provisions of the static moment of adjustable debans;

S3 60%-repeated-short mode of operation with the duration of inclusion of 6 minutes., 4 min relaxation;

S3 40%-repeated-short mode of operation with the duration of inclusion of 4 minutes., 6 min relaxation.

Figure 1. Scheme of adjusting the static moment of the debtor of general purpose

Figure 2. Scheme for adjusting the static moment of smoothly adjustable debtor of a general purpose vibrator

The rules for regulating the vibrator are indicated in the technical documentation accompanying it. With improper adjustment of the debalance of the vibrator, it becomes ineffective. The first situation arises if the workplace fluctuates too much, which worsens the quality of processing of the material. The second case may occur when the forces of the device oscillations are not enough for the effective processing of the construction mixture, which will naturally affect the quality of processing and sometimes can lead to overheating and failure of the vibrator. Therefore, it is important to correctly choose the necessary mode of operation and correctly regulate the position of the debtor’s debans.

Also, a general.purpose vibrators can be installed for a voltage of 220/380 V, which allows you to connect the stator winding into a star or in a triangle. For voltage of the 380 V network, you should connect the stator winding in the terminal panel according to the Zvezda circuit, and for voltage 220 to the stator winding is connected to the “Triangle”.

The device of the vibration plate

To correctly find a malfunction in a vibration plate, first of all, it is necessary to understand its device. Take the Wacker Neuson BPU 3050 vibrating plate for example. reversible vibro.plate with a gasoline engine weighing 160 kg.

The gasoline engine (1) is fixed on the upper plate (3) and drives the causative agent of oscillations (5). Twisting from the engine to the pathogen is transmitted through friction joints, centrifugal coupling (9) and drive belt (10).

The vibrational effect required for compaction is produced by the causative agent (5), which is rigidly fixed on the lower bearing plate (4). Upper (3) and lower (4) plates are connected to each other with 4 vibro.fasteners (11).

The main element of the vibration plate is its engine. In most cases, the cause of the inoperability of the vibration plate is a breakdown precisely in the engine.

However, first, make sure that you are running the vibration fuel correctly, and the cause of the “malfunction” is not that the fuel line is blocked. (cm. Vibro.fuel operation)

Consider the most frequent engine malfunctions.

Low oil level

Many modern engines are equipped with oil level sensors in the crankcase, which blocks the start of the engine if the level below the norm.

Put the vibration plate on a flat horizontal surface and check the oil level using an oil probe.

The oil level should be in the edge of the neck, as shown in the figure. If necessary, share the oil, or conduct its full replacement.

Vibro.fuel faults: does not start, stalls, smoke, heats up or does not trim

Vibroophytles. equipment designed for tamping of soil and other bulk substances before laying paving slabs, during the repair and construction of roads, arranging pillows when laying pipelines. Repair of single.extent and reversing vibration stages usually trust professionals, since often the cause of breakdowns can be determined only using diagnostic equipment.

installation, debalanced, shafts, reversal

The most frequent breakdowns of vibro.fuel engines

The main element of this equipment is an electric, gasoline or diesel engine, and most of the breakdowns are connected with it. The most popular gasoline and diesel models are due to independence from the power source. Engine repair is recommended to trust professionals.

The most frequent problems with ICE:

  • Low oil level or its poor quality. It may cause why the vibration plate is not started, the engine is heated, the equipment will start and immediately stalls.
  • Polluted air filter. Leads to power loss, unstable engine operation, and even to stop it.
  • Fast of candles. Leads to difficulties when starting a gasoline unit or unstable operation.
  • Incorrect carburetor adjustment. Leads to unstable functioning without load.

Damage of the vibration node

There are situations when the equipment is turned on, but the vibration node does not work. There are several reasons why the vibrating plate does not trim:

  • The leakage of an omentum located on the shaft. The flow of oil leads to the rapid abrasion of the gears and the failure of the entire node. If you do not notice the flow of the oil seal in time, you will have to replace not only the gears, but also the details associated with them.
  • Low engine speed. To launch the vibro.bore, it is necessary to increase the number of revolutions.
  • Weakening of the drive belt. If the belt is slightly worn, then you can strengthen its stretch. A strongly worn belt is replaced.
  • Engine malfunction. With the help of diagnostic tools, they determine the cause and eliminate it.

Why is the vibrating plate smoke?

During operation, uncharacteristic smoke can come out of the exhaust system, the color and type of which will help determine the type of malfunction.

  • White smoke. If it appears when the equipment is launched at low temperatures, then there are no reasons for concern. it just warms up the cold engine. precisely, this is not smoke, but the steam that disappears when the motor is warmed up. White smoke that appears with a heated engine indicates a moisture entering an air filter or too high fuel humidity.
  • Gray (blue, blue) smoke. Indicates the entry of oil into the cylinder. The second reason is to get oil into an air filter with a strong tilt of the unit.
  • Black smoke. When such a smoke appears, you should check if the air damper is open. If it is open, then the problem may be in the fuel system.

Other frequent breakdowns

Steel bases usually work several seasons without defects. If small cracks appear, then they are eliminated using a welding machine. In the same way, defects are removed on the handle and engine frame.

If the base has cracked and a large crack appeared, then the element is replaced with a new.

As a rule, the replacement of the base is accompanied by the replacement of vibro shutters, which are installed between the engine and the working surface.

Another question that may arise during the operation of the unit: “Why is the clutt of vibration plate warm?””. The reason for this may be the excess of engine speed, compared with the value specified in the instructions, or other violations of the operating rules.

The reasons why the direct.flowing plate does not move forward, and models with reverse do not make movements forward/back, can be:

installation, debalanced, shafts, reversal
  • Lack of fuel;
  • absence, low level or poor oil quality;
  • belt break;
  • overheating that arose due to clogging of air holes, poor quality oil.

Users often ask the question of why the belt is torn. Unfortunately, for rubber belts, this is a common occurrence. The most functional are models in which a steel synchronizing circuit is installed instead of the belt.

The masters of the service center equipped with modern diagnostic and repair equipment will be able to accurately determine the place and causes of the malfunction of a direct.flowing or reverse vibro.plate and qualitatively eliminate the problem.

How to use Crazy Fit Massage

Do.it.yourself vibration plate: with an electric motor, gasoline, homemade, drawings, how to make it yourself

Soil compaction, a layer of backfill or concrete casting during construction work requires the participation of special equipment. In private construction, problems associated with deformations or settlement of the foundation often arise.

The reason for these events is a poor.quality seal of a layer of sandy filling. According to technology, the density must correspond to the condition of the long.used country road. The quality of the tamping quality is usually carried out by walking along a compacted area. if there are no traces of shoes, the work is performed at the proper level.

Soil tamping is required not only in the responsible areas. The usual laying of tiles on garden tracks requires the creation of a layer of a sand pillow, which also requires the maximum degree of compaction, otherwise the coating will begin to fail and drive away. It is impossible to achieve a high quality of work by hand, and a vibrating plate comes to the rescue.

For home use, not everyone can buy a finished device, since the cheapest sample will cost 20 thousand. rubles. People who are able to manage with a locksmith tool and a welding inverter prefer independent manufacture of vibration fuels, which saves the budget and brings the desired result.

Operating principle

The work of the vibration plate is based on the use of a rotating shaft with an eccentric, forming strong vibration. The shaft is installed on a massive metallic base, which by its weight affects the soil, compacting it due to its weight.

The engine necessary to bring an eccentric shaft in rotation is installed on the same basis. To control the design and give the installation of the desired direction, a long handle is installed.

There are several varieties of vibration fuels:

There are also a method of moving vibro.plate:

  • direct.flowing, capable of moving only forward and in need of the site of sufficient size for a turn;
  • reversible, capable of moving both forward and back, which makes them more convenient in conditions of limited space.

Light and universal vibration stations are used on sealing paths, paving slabs, landscape work. During construction, foundation work requires moderate and heavy attitudes that provide maximum seals in combination with high performance.

Important! The weight of the vibration plate created at home should not be too large, otherwise difficulties with its movement will arise and there will be a danger to the employee serving the installation.

The design of the mechanism

  • The main element of the vibration plate from which the installation begins. a metal base.
  • There are steel and cast.iron samples, however, at home, the use of cast iron is inappropriate.
  • He is able to crack, does not succumb to welding, fragile.

Usually use a steel sheet with a thickness of 8 mm. Additional elements are installed on the surface of the base to increase the mass.

They also serve as the basis for installing the engine and the vibrational mechanism. In most cases, this is a regular shaft installed on two bearings, on which the load is attached in the longitudinal direction. The rotation of the shaft creates a forcing force, due to its own weight and inertial effort, forming frequent short.term loads on the ground.

The efficiency of the vibration plate depends on the weight, area of ​​the base and the rotation mode of the eccentric shaft. Too spacious plate is not able to create large pressure, since the weight weight is distributed by area and reduces specific pressure.

A small base gives greater efficiency, but affects too selectively, point. This regime does not allow to get uniform soil seal over the entire area of ​​the site.

The rotation of the eccentric shaft creates a significant load on all structural elements.

Too intense vibration is able to destroy the vibrating plate, to have a negative impact on the engine operation, and negatively affects the well.being of the employee.

Choosing and installing the engine

The rotation of the shaft is provided by the engine installed on the base in the rear of the vibration plate (near the handle).

The selection of the type of vibro.fuel engine is due to several factors:

Vibration stamps with a gasoline engine are convenient in that they allow you to obtain complete independence from network resources (electricity).

They can be used at the sites located in a significant distance from the nearest housing or buildings, in the field, etc.D.

The only inconvenience is the need to have a reserve of fuel with it, which with prolonged operation and high power of the motor may need a lot. This is overweight, expenses.

Homemade electric vibration plate is limited in mobility of the length of the connecting cable. At the same time, it needs to be connected only and no longer requires any additional actions.

The main drawback of the electric motor is the constant speed of rotation, which creates a strong starting point and overloads the network.

The solution of the problem is the assembly of a smooth launch regulator, which avoids mechanical and electrical overload.

Attention! Electric motors do not require special care or maintenance, while gasoline or diesel installations require constant attention.

Installation of the engine on the base of the vibration plate is carried out using rubber pillows that reduce vibration and protect the motor from mechanical destruction.

Plate and frame

  • The plate is a sheet of metal, the thickness of which can provide sufficient rigidity.
  • Usually use a steel sheet from 8 mm and thicker.
  • The average size of the working surface of the plate is 6040 cm, although there are other options.
  • The front and rear edges of the plate are raised for unhindered movement on the surface of the site.

The frame is a stand for an engine and an eccentric shaft. It also performs the function of additional cargo, which gives the vibro.fuel greater efficiency, increases the value of the forcing force. Another task that the frame solves along the way is to strengthen the stiffness and strength of the base, compensation for mechanical loads from a rotating rotor.

The role of the control handle in the device of vibroprotages

In such a device as a vibrating plate, when the market is replete with a variety of models that often differ only in design, it is important to think about the security of workers. Honestly, it is better if the model is generally without a handle. But such devices will decently affect your wallet and weigh from 700 kg, but control is carried out remotely. If the handle is present, then it is necessary to ensure that it is equipped with a vibration protection pad.

The device of the vibration plate does not imply complex schemes and mechanisms of action. But since this equipment, which is often actively used in difficult conditions, it is necessary to pay attention and proper care. Replacing the filters of vibration placers, candles, oils, on time the maintenance. and your vibration plate will serve faithfully for many years.

BOMAG vibro device device

The device and principle of operation of the vibration plate.

The vibration plate consists of a working stove pos.3, on which all the overall nodes are mounted vibration stations. Vibrator pos.4 has a debalase shaft installed in bearing supports. The vibrator case is made in the form of a cylinder. The vibrator is installed on the working stove in the nest, repeating the shape of the case, and is fixed with clamping clamps, which are attached to the working stove with bolts.

Motor frame pos.13 is attached to the working stove through rubber-metal elements- shock absorbers. Engine pos.7 installed on a motor frame. A centrifugal clutch of poses is installed on the engine shaft of the engine.6, which turns on at a rotation frequency of 2200 rpm. From the coupling to the vibrator shaft, the rotation is transmitted through the cuneiform transmission of poses.5.

Cleaner transmission has a protective casing pos.2, which is attached to the motor frame. Drove pos.9 through the silent blocks are attached to the motor frame. A plastic water tank is installed on the water.8, wetting the sole of the work stove. The vibration plate is equipped with removable transport wheels.

Sprayer; 2. Protective casing; 3. Working stove; four. Vibrator; 5. Wedge.rephid transmission; 6. Centrifugal clutch; 7.Engine; eight. Plastic water for water; 9. Drive; ten. Tank mounting unit; eleven. Belt tension device; 12. Shock absorber drove; 13. Motor frame; fourteen. A pen.

When carrying out construction and repair work on the roads, both large road equipment is often used, such as vibration streams or asphalt, as well as small. vibration plate and vibrors. It would seem that there is a skating rink that relatively quickly and effectively compact asphalt and crushed stone. Then why do you need a vibrating plate at all? It is used in hard.to.reach places where the rink cannot get. It can be corners, spaces near the curb and walls, trenches, etc. Most often, a gasoline vibro.plate occurs when working in trenches, when repairing roads by the pitch method, laying communications and preparing the base of.D. ways. Also, the vibration plate is used in laying paving stones and paving slabs. At the same time, a polyurethane mat is installed on the sole in order to avoid chips on the surface of the tile.

Gasoline vibro.fuels differ in weight and on the principle of movement. Light plates. from 50 to 100 kg, all that is from above. medium and heavy vibration stations. The latter most often have a reverse mechanism, which allows you to move back and forth without turning off the plate. Just stop the car and switch a special lever. Hence the name a gasoline vibro.rustic vibration.

Vibration enters the surface of the soil using eccentric mechanisms that are fixed on the vibration plate. Eccentric. the mechanism of the rotation axis of which differs from its geometric axis. In a reversible vibro.fuel, they are located in antiphase so that if necessary, you can change the direction of their rotation thereby changing the direction of movement of the vibrating plate. The engine is fixed to the base with the help of pins and ensures the operation of all vibration equipment.

The engine is both gasoline and electric. The most common vibration plate of gasoline. At the start of the internal combustion engine, its effort is transmitted to the centrifugal clutch, which transfers rotation to the vibration mechanism. The coupling is fixed at the output of the moment of the internal combustion engine and is given in motion using a wedge-in transmission. With low engine speeds, its power is not enough to crank the belt, therefore, the vibrating plate is possible at idle. The gas lever is most often located on the handle, which allows you to quickly and conveniently adjust the gas. When working, the lever is usually in the maximum position. There is one important remark, when running (the first 5 hours of work), gas can be included only by half the power! In order to prevent the vibration force of the engine is not transmitted to the operator’s hands, the shock absorbers are installed.

Vibration fuels belong to the class of small technology. Due to its compactness, maneuverability, as well as the ability to work in hard.to.reach areas of vibration stations, more and more confuse heavy.handed rollers more and more confidently. Another positive effect of the acquisition of vibration fuels is their very fast payback. The use of vibration fuels is very convenient for large organizations and for brigades working in utilities, due to the simplicity of delivery and ease of use. The principle of action of vibration fuels is to increase the strength and bearing capacity of the bulk array or soil due to the compaction. The lack of compaction can lead to precipitation of the soil and even to the destruction of the roadway. Vibroophytes provide the desired soil or road surface density.

The article discusses the main characteristics and differences of vibrational equipment. Vibro.fuel is classified according to the main features. Practical recommendations for the use of vibration fuels during construction and repair work are given.With an increase in the requirements for the quality of construction work and the activities of utilities, the need to use modern equipment, high.quality materials, as well as advanced technologies. One of the types of equipment, to the development of which close attention is packed is the vibrational technique. Such technology includes vibrors, vibration placers and vibration channels. Vibration technology is used in the seal of various bulk materials, asphalt, crushed stone, etc.P.

Vibration plots weighing from 70 to 200 kg are used when carrying out strengthening or sealing work on the roadsides, during dimple repair of roads, from 200 kg during the sealing of the foundations of bridges, when the trench is filled, when soil compaction in pipes, etc.P. Currently, the world industry produces several types of vibration fuels, differing among themselves in some characteristic qualities. The vibration stations, depending on the nature of the movement, are divided into plates that only progress.e. None.reurery and plates that carry out thrombus, unfolding in different directions, also vibrations differ in type of drive to pneumatic and hydraulic. In addition, vibration fuels, depending on the type of fuel used or energy source, are divided into electric, diesel and gasoline. When working in difficult places, as well as in places where there is no electricity, the use of gasoline vibration stages is an ideal option.