Making band saws for wood

15th April 2021

Setting the cutting elements of the band saw

Divorce is the bending of band saw blades in different directions. This significantly reduces the friction of the blade and prevents it from pinching. To ensure free movement of the blade against the walls of the material being cut, its width must be greater than the thickness of this material.

Band saw set types

Divorce can take several forms. It may have different names from different manufacturers. Most often it can be:

Standard, which is characterized by the opposite bending of the cutting elements in various directions. It is most commonly used for band saws that cut hard material.
Wavy, which belongs to the category of complex structures. Divorce in this case has a variable meaning. In this case, a kind of wave is formed.

Divorce consists in folding not the entire canvas, but only a certain part of its top. The parameters are determined strictly by the tool manufacturers. Their range is 0.3 to 0.7 millimeters.

Protecting. The divorce consists in bending two teeth. In this case, the third remains in place. Designed for band saws for extremely hard material. In shape, every third tooth resembles a trapezoid. The location is the center of the canvas. With its help, the most correct direction of the saw band is carried out.

Woodworking machines are characterized by a versatile sawing tool design. The spread for soft rock processing must be larger than for hard rock equipment. But the divorce should not be such that the wedge is located in the center without a cutout. The divorce must be characterized by the same arrangement of all cutting elements. It is necessary to spread the teeth in such a way that the deviation is no more than 0.1 millimeter. If the saws are unevenly positioned, this will lead to the fact that the band saw equipment will move to the side during operation.

Saw band design

Band saws are a special continuous design characterized by the presence of cutting elements on one side. This is the cutting element with which woodwork is carried out. Most often, band saws are used in a variety of band saw blades. With their help, cutting of various parts is carried out. With the help of these blades, a sufficiently high cut quality is ensured. All this is provided only if the saw has a good set. Also, the tool must be serviced in a timely manner.

Band saws are made of heavy-duty metal, which ensures not only high quality of the cut, but also the durability of the saw. The teeth have a universal angle, which allows for the highest quality cutting of the material.

Sharpening and setting band saws

In order for the processing of various materials to be carried out correctly, it is necessary to look after and monitor the condition of the band saws. For this purpose, machines for sharpening and setting band saws are used. Timely care will ensure long-term use of instruments.

Shapes of the cutting part and the angle of sharpening of the blades

The geometry of the cutting elements of band saws can be varied, which directly depends on the material that is intended for cutting. Woodworking machines are most often equipped with special saws, with which you can carry out:

carpentry work;
sawing logs and beams;
use on dividing saws.

The sharpening angle is determined strictly by the tool manufacturer. The rake angle will be as small as possible when using hardwood. Band saws for metal are equipped with saws with different blade shapes, which directly depends on the metal used for sawing. If it is necessary to cut thin-walled metals and at the same time have thin chips, the rake angle when sawing will be zero, then standard cutting is used. The sharpening angle can be varied. It directly depends on the structure of the device.

A tooth that has a positive rake angle is found in saws commonly used for cutting thick-walled metal. The step of the blade, with the help of which the sawing of thin metal is carried out, is rather small. In order to cut thick-walled metal, it is necessary to use devices that have a large number of blades. In some cases, the equipment has a variable pitch to eliminate the resonance effect. The change in the distance between the teeth directly depends on a certain group.

Sharpening recommendations

During the work of the canvas, its rupture is very often observed. This is due to the fact that it is poorly sharpened. This is due to the concentration of stress in the blade profile, if the sharpening is carried out at a low-quality level. The need for the procedure is determined by the condition of the band saws. If the surface roughness of the cut increases, then this leads to dullness of the tool.

Tool sharpening is carried out using diamond, electrocorundum, CBN discs. Their choice directly depends on the characteristics of the material being processed. The sharpening of the blade, the production material of which is tool steel, is carried out with corundum wheels. The procedure for bimetallic tools is carried out correctly if a diamond or CBN wheel is used. The instructions will tell you how to carry out this procedure. The most important thing is that the angle does not change in the process.

Wheels of various diameters can be used for sharpening. The choice of one of them is determined by the parameters of the device. For this purpose, profile, flat, dish-shaped, cup circles are most often used. Sharpening is correct if the peripheral speed is 20 to 25 meters per second.

The principle of sharpening tape blades

If there are chipping on the tool, chipping will be observed on the edge of the workpiece. That is why it is imperative that sharpening is carried out correctly. During this process, it is necessary to work not only with the front, but also with the back of the canvas. Sharpening of devices can be carried out in different circles. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the angle of the canvas. If you want to carry out the procedure correctly, then you need to learn it from a specialist.

In order for the band saw equipment to work efficiently, it is necessary not only to select it correctly, but also to sharpen it in a timely manner. For this purpose, special circles are most often used. This procedure is as simple as possible, which allows it to be easily performed by a master without appropriate experience.

Setting and sharpening the band saw is half the battle!

The most important factor in the success of a sawmill business is which saws are used in production. The size of the saw is important, and the material from which it is made, and the technology by which it is produced.

But even using the best-sized saws manufactured to the latest standards will not give you the profit you expect if these saws are not sharpened and set correctly. Incorrect setting and sharpening of the saw lead to defects in the lumber, which means that its cost drops significantly.

Correct sharpening and setting of saws is especially important when working on a band sawmill. Unfortunately, in practice, many even confuse the sequence of these procedures: first they spread the saw, then sharpen it. As a result, the spread of the saw tooth “goes away”, and the saw needs to be diluted again, or, if this is not done, the quality of the finished product will leave much to be desired.

If we talk about the machines on which the saws are sharpened and set, then every detail is really important here. The Emerald Les company has contributed to the development of high-quality adjustable and sharpening devices.

The adjustable saw has the correct geometry: when the saw is installed in the adjustable saw, the root of the tooth is between the cheeks that grip the saw. In many other machines, including those from a number of well-known manufacturers, this condition is not met. Therefore, when bending a tooth, both the tooth and the saw body deviate. Technically correct setting of the saw implies something else: the pusher rests against 1/3 of the tooth and bends only its tip.
In the manufacture of the adjustable machine, two clamping stops are used, which, with light pressure on the handle, press the tooth against the indicator head. The pusher, before reaching the tip of the tooth, shows the actual set on the band saw. If it is insufficient, the operator presses the tooth until it is diluted to the required size. We consider it very important to pay attention to one point: a band saw tooth has such a property as metal memory. Because of it, under the influence of inertia, the tooth tends to return to its original position. Therefore, for correct wiring, it is not enough to make one click on each tooth: it is necessary to act on the tooth several times so that it remembers its position. If someone tells you that it is enough to click on each tooth once, know: you are being misled.

Two clamping stops with powerful springs used in the machine show the actual sawtooth spread, which is very convenient: you do not need to endlessly unscrew and reconnect the pusher to find out how the sawtooth was actually retracted.

Another strong point of the adjustable machine made by the company is the ease and safety of the operator’s work: the spread of the tooth occurs not due to the operator pressing the pusher forward, as in a number of analogues, but due to the operator’s own weight and using the eccentric. As a result, the operator does not have hand sprains.
So, high-quality adjustable and sharpening machines are what, undoubtedly, should be in the arsenal of every sawmill owner. But by themselves, they do not guarantee the quality of lumber, they will not allow the saw to serve for a long time if sawmills that have serious technical flaws are used in production.
For example, if the rollers are made with a cone, or they have become conical because the saw has sharpened them, then even with the correct sharpening and setting, the saw begins to look for its place in the log. This will happen because the rollers are tilted. If the pulleys on the sawmill are divorced and not in the same plane, then the saw is flared not clearly in the middle, but from the sides, and then the stress goes to the edge of the band. It also reduces saw blade life.

So the role of correct setting and sharpening of the saw is, of course, great, but these factors do not determine 90% of quality sawing, as is commonly believed. It’s just that the saw itself will not be able to cut perfectly evenly and not fail for a long time if, for example, a rigid tension is used on the sawmill.

If you are just starting your business and have not yet had time to familiarize yourself with all these nuances, we recommend that you contact those who have been in the market for several years. The telephone number of the central office of the Emerald Les company in Novosibirsk: 8 (383) 249-43-21. Contact us. and we will advise you on the choice of equipment based on your needs and your budget.

Do-it-yourself divorce and sharpening of band saws on wood

The service life of a band saw for wood directly depends on the quality of its sharpening. It can be performed both independently and by resorting to the services of specialized companies. In the first case, you need to familiarize yourself in detail with the technology and a number of features.

Saw band setting

Before forming the cutting edge, you must make the correct setting of the teeth. During the entire period of operation, due to constant loads, their location may change. Therefore, the geometry is adjusted first, and then sharpening.

The setting is a bend of the teeth relative to the plane of the main blade. This procedure is performed only on a special machine. In case of large discrepancies along the entire length of the belt, premature damage or breakage of the belt is possible. Therefore, before that, you should decide on the type of wiring.

The angle of inclination must correspond to the initial one. The type of wiring is also taken into account, which can be as follows:

classic. Alternate bending of the teeth relative to the blade to the right and left sides;
cleansing. The first and second teeth are deflected to the right and left, while the third remains unchanged. This technique is used for saws that are designed to handle hard rocks;
wavy. The setting angle for each tooth is individual. As a result, they form a cutting edge that resembles a wave. The most difficult type of wiring.

During the bend, not the entire tooth is subjected to deformation, but only a part of it. Often, the deviation occurs at 2/3 of the total height.

The average divorce rate is limited to values from 0.3 to 0.7 mm. This applies to standard wood band saws.

Saw band design

The band saw belongs to the category of cutting tools and is an integral part of specialized equipment for wood processing. It is a closed belt, on the outer edge of which there are teeth.

For manufacturing, special grades of steel are used. 9HF, B2F or C75. During the production process, the teeth are treated with high-frequency currents. This increases their hardness. It is this fact that affects the spreading of the cutting edges and maintainability. Often, several types of steel are used in the manufacture. The main belt is made of spring and the cutting part is made of steel with a large m of tungsten or cobalt.

Features of the use of band saws for wood:

wood requirements. The harder it is, the faster the blade will dull;
installation conditions. The tension indicator must be observed. If it is less than required, sagging will occur. With strong tension, the probability of blade breakage will increase;
periodic sharpening. This will require a special machine.

The implementation of the last point will increase the service life of the belt structure. However, sharpening on your own is problematic. you need to choose the correct layout, observe the angle of processing of the blades.

When buying a used saw, you need to pay attention to the presence of repair welds on the blade. They indicate frequent tool breakage.

Cutting shape and sharpening angle

The first step is to determine the type of saw band. The main indicator is the shape of the teeth. Depending on this parameter, they are divided into dividing, carpentry or intended for sawing logs. The manufacturer determines the initial geometry and routing angle. It is recommended to find out these data at the stage of purchasing components. They are needed to determine the parameters of the machine.

For hardwoods, the rake angle should be as low as possible. This ensures optimal contact of the processed material with the metal. If you plan to process soft varieties. to increase the processing speed, you can use models with a large value of the rake angle.

The defining parameters for self-updating of the cutting edge are:

tooth pitch. This is the distance between the cutting elements of the structure. Common values are 19, 22 and 25 mm;
tooth height. The magnitude from its base to the top;
angle. The main value that you need to know for the formation of the cutting plane. For joinery models, it is 35 °. In dividing saws, the angle is 18 ° to 22 °. In structures for processing timber. 10 °.15 °;
divorce. Defines the deviation of the tooth from the general plane of the blade.

Ideally, these characteristics should remain unchanged after working on the machine. For each model, the manufacturer determines the maximum deviation value. If during operation it is achieved, it is necessary to purchase a new model.

In order to eliminate resonance in some types of cutting tools, a variable pitch of the teeth is made. This does not affect manual sharpening, but requires careful setting of parameters during automated.

Sharpening recommendations

Choosing the right type of grinding wheel is important. It must correspond to the grade of steel from which the band saw is made. For tool steel structures, corundum wheels are used. If it is required to improve the cutting properties of bimetallic models, CBN or diamond wheels should be used.

Depending on the technical possibilities, it is possible to perform a full-profile processing or each cutting part separately. In the first case, you will need an elbor circle, the end of which has the same shape as that of the saw. For the second option, each tooth is processed.

You will need a machine beforehand. It must have the function of regulating the speed of rotation of the disk and changing its position relative to the tool. After fixing the blade in a special bed, follow these steps according to the following instructions.

Emery goes down. At this time, the leading edge is machined with a cutting edge.
Formation of a slice in the hollow. This is done on the fly. This stage allows you to remove microcracks and irregularities. An important point is the reduction in surface tension, which is the main reason for the deformation of the web.
The circle moves up. The back of the tooth and its cutting edge are grinded.

All other teeth are renewed using the same technique. It is important that the values of the angles of entry and exit are the same everywhere. Otherwise, with differences in geometry in one of the parts, performance will deteriorate.

After finishing the treatment, it is recommended to perform finishing. to treat the surface with fine-grained emery. During this process, the geometry of the canvas should not change.

With prolonged contact of the circle with the metal, the temperature on the surface of the latter can sharply increase. To eliminate this effect, use special coolants coming directly from the machine. Feeding is performed continuously to avoid the formation of a glow zone. In this part, the mechanical strength will be deteriorated.

To avoid chipping, check the presence of metal components before processing the wood. Also, special attention is paid to fixing and uniform feeding of the workpiece for sawing.

In the video, you can familiarize yourself with the recommendations for amateur sharpening:

Band saw divider

Saw band sharpening

Band saws, which are saw blades with a serrated edge, connected by their ends in a continuous tape, have their own inherent advantages. The kerf they leave is less than the kerf from circular saws. When sawing ordinary wood, this feature may not be very important, however, when cutting valuable wood species and cutting expensive metal, this is essential.

Saw band sharpening

The narrow kerf results in relatively low energy costs for cutting the material. And finally, the band saw can cut almost any thickness of workpiece, while the geometry of the circular saw imposes restrictions on the thickness of the material it cuts.

However, to take advantage of all these benefits, band saws need to be properly prepared for use. The main preparatory operations include sharpening and setting band saws.

Band saws are made from different materials. depending on what material they are intended for cutting.

Saws for wood are made of tool alloy steel with a hardness of 40-45 HRC. Domestic manufacturers use steel 9HF, B2F (for band saws for metal), and other foreign ones use their own steels (C75, Uddeholm UHB 15, etc.). When the teeth of such saws are hardened by high-frequency currents, they can acquire hardness up to 64 HRC and higher.

Saws for cutting carbon steels and non-ferrous metals of small thickness are also made of tool steel with mandatory hardening of the teeth by high-frequency currents. However, more often for cutting metal, bimetallic saws are used, in which the blade is made of spring steel, and the strip on which the teeth are cut, the spread of high-speed steel band saws with high m of tungsten and cobalt. After hardening, it acquires hardness up to 65-69 HRC. High speed steel is electronically welded to the base of the saw.

Teeth with higher wear resistance are obtained by hardfacing them with stellite (an alloy based on chromium and cobalt with additions of tungsten and / or molybdenum) or by soldering hard alloy plates to them. Such saws are superior in their cutting abilities to bimetallic ones. They are used to cut fiberglass, car tires, cables, reinforced plastics, high temperature alloys, graphite, aerated concrete, bricks and other materials that are difficult to cut.

Band saw teeth geometry

Band saw teeth profile

Band saw teeth characteristics

Specific cars for a large family of band saw sharpening angles are determined by manufacturers, based on many factors. In general, the following dependence can be distinguished. the harder the wood, the smaller the rake angle (γ).

For metal saws, a different tooth shape is also used, depending on which metal they are intended for cutting. For saws with a constant pitch, two main shapes are distinguished.

Standard, designed for cutting thin-walled metal with short chips with a rake angle (γ) of 0 °.

Positive rake (γ) tooth used in saws for cutting thick-walled metal with long chips.

For thin-walled material, saws are used with a relatively small pitch (the number of teeth per inch of the Nuclear family is from 4 to 18). Saws for cutting thick-walled material do not need a lot of teeth, their number is 1.25-6 teeth per inch.

To eliminate the effect of resonance, leading to vibration of the blade, some saws are made with a variable pitch, at which the distance between the teeth changes within a separate group. The step size is indicated by the largest and smallest values.

Band saw divider

Divorce is the operation of bending the saw teeth in one direction and the other in order to reduce the friction of the saw blade on the saw wall and prevent it from jamming. In order for the blade to move freely in the cut, the width of the latter must be 30-60% greater than the blade thickness.

There are several types of wiring, the names of which may differ from manufacturer to manufacturer. The main types are.

Setting and sharpening the band saw is half the battle!

The most important factor in the success of a sawmill business is which saws are used in production. The size of the saw, and the material from which it is made, and the technology according to.

Saw band sharpening

Saw band sharpening

Types of band saws

Band saws vary in tooth size. You should also highlight:

Two-handed saws are sharpened and set in the same way as regular single-handed saws. The whole difference between such a tool is that two people work with it at once.

With the help of band saws, wood and varieties of this material are most often sawed. Wood does not require too much impact, it is a soft material that is easy to saw and drill. However, in the process of work, it is still advisable to fix the logs and boards. When cutting, be careful not to keep your hand too close to the cutting furrow. This can lead to serious injury.

For the primary processing of wood, sawmills are used, with the help of which the workpiece is cut into the elements required in size and shape. One of the most common machines for sawing wood is a band saw, which has a number of advantages over other types.

For the primary processing of wood, sawmills are used, with the help of which the workpiece is cut into the elements required in size and shape. One of the most common machines for sawing wood is a band saw, which has a number of advantages over other types.

In order for the cutting blade to last as long as possible, it requires periodic maintenance. This includes sharpening and setting the sawmill saws. These operations must be carried out without fail, otherwise the blade will become dull very quickly, and the productivity of the machine will greatly decrease. Further use of such a tape can lead to its destruction.

Making A Wooden Band Saw Mill From Scratch. Full Build

Sharpening

Saw sharpening After breeding, the saw must be sharpened. This is done using a special set of simple tools. You can simply sharpen the band saw using a conventional triangular file. During sharpening, moving the file away from you, it is pressed against the teeth. Moving in the opposite direction, it must be slightly deflected.

If you can sharpen a circular saw only with a whole set of tools, the band can be brought into working condition with just one simple triangular file.

The band saw teeth should be sharpened from two points.

In the working process, you can also sharpen the teeth with a bar. When the saw is constantly sharpened, the wiring gradually disappears, the teeth are aligned. In order to return the instrument to its working shape, dilution is repeated again. Capital wiring and sharpening is not required very often.

Setting and sharpening the band saw is half the battle!

Correct sharpening and setting of saws is especially important when working on a band sawmill. Unfortunately, in practice, many even confuse the sequence of these procedures: first they spread the saw, then sharpen it. As a result, the saw tooth divorce disappears. and the saw needs to be diluted again, or, if this is not done, the quality of the finished product will leave much to be desired.

Building a Homemade Bandsaw // Büyük Boy Şerit Testere. Hızar Yapımı

The adjustable machine has the correct geometry. when the saw is installed in an adjustable saw, the root of the tooth is between the cheeks that grip the saw. In many other machines, including those from a number of well-known manufacturers, this condition is not met. Therefore, when bending a tooth, both the tooth and the saw body deviate. Technically correct setting of the saw implies something else: the pusher rests against 1/3 of the tooth and bends only its tip.
In the manufacture of the adjustable machine, two clamping stops are used, which, with light pressure on the handle, press the tooth against the indicator head. The pusher, before reaching the tip of the tooth, shows the actual set on the band saw. If it is insufficient, the operator presses the tooth until it is diluted to the required size. We consider it very important to pay attention to one point: a band saw tooth has such a property as metal memory. Because of it, under the influence of inertia, the tooth tends to return to its original position. Therefore, for correct wiring, it is not enough to make one click on each tooth: it is necessary to act on the tooth several times so that it remembers its position. If someone tells you that it is enough to click on each tooth once, know: you are being misled.

Purpose of wiring

The split of the band sawmill performs a very important function. it significantly reduces friction between the blade and the wood by increasing the cutting width. This is achieved by bending the teeth relative to the blade. But over time, during operation, the cutting elements change their position, which leads to a decrease in the size of the cut. As a result, friction is greatly increased, and this can cause the web to bite.

The maintenance operator needs to know how to properly set the saw band. Failure to comply with the parameters can lead to wave sawing, blade drift. In addition, a certain sequence of bending of the teeth must be observed.

As the instructions say, the band saws should be set only on a special machine that has an indicator in its design to determine the size of the bend. In this case, all teeth must be moved to the side by the same amount. The divorce range varies from 0.3 to 0.7 mm.

Making band saws for wood

»How different is correct

Sharpening

This is the main step in cutting edge dressing and can be done in two ways.

Full-profile saws are sharpened with an CBN wheel installed in a special sharpening machine.

This is a fully automated operation used by professionals. The work of the machine for sharpening band saws for wood is controlled by electronics, and the sharpening wheel processes the entire band in one pass. The disadvantage of this method is that the CBN wheel is selected individually to the profile of the saw, therefore, for dressing different tools, the sharpening element must be present in the assortment.

Sharpening of teeth is carried out manually or on specialized equipment.

Note! This is the method used for self-sharpening band saws. A normal emery wheel or file can be used here.

In the first case, the sharpness of the teeth can be restored in the shortest possible time, but the work requires certain skills. In the second. painstaking work: 4-5 movements along the edge of each tooth.

For automatic sharpening, diamond, CBN and corundum wheels are used. It is important to understand that when performing this procedure, only sharpness is given to the teeth, the geometry created after setting the blade should remain unchanged.

How to sharpen a band saw correctly

Immediately, we note that if there is no experience and skills in performing such work, it is better to entrust saw sharpening to professionals. Violation of the geometry of the teeth of the cutting edge, the appearance of dross on the metal or incorrect setting will significantly reduce the life of the blade.

Having decided to sharpen the band saw with your own hands, it will be useful to first familiarize yourself with the key definitions, the knowledge of which may be required in the process. So, for the correct formation of the cutting edge you will need:

setting. deviation of the teeth from the plane of the main saw blade;
the height of the teeth is the distance between the top point and the base;
pitch. the distance between the teeth, usually varies between 19-25 mm.
sharpening angle. depends on the intended purpose of the tool; for example, the recommended sharpening angle of carpentry saws is 35 °, indexing. 18-22, intended for sawing a bar. no more than 15 °.

The sharpening angle is determined by the manufacturer, therefore, when self-dressing the saw, it is recommended to adhere to these parameters.

Here are detailed instructions that will help you sharpen a closed saw correctly without resorting to the services of specialists.

What you need to know about sharpening angles

The geometry of the teeth of band saws can be modified depending on the characteristics of the material being processed. This is expressed in the shape of the tooth and the distance between the individual elements of the cutting edge.

The saw band profile is determined by the markings applied by the manufacturer. It looks like this:

WM. a universal version designed for sawing soft and hard wood;
AV. used for longitudinal cutting and sawing of hard materials, such as frozen wood;
NV. has a narrow blade width, so it is ideal for shape cutting;
NU. a cutting edge with a wide tooth pitch, which provides high performance when cutting soft wood;
PV. almost a complete analogue of the previous blade, but has a flattened tooth shape;
KV. the profile is used for wide band saws intended for softwood;
PU. wide saw blade for cutting hardwood.

The pitch of the teeth is selected individually, depending on the material. For example, when cutting hardwood and metal, only fine-toothed blades are used to avoid damaging the cutting edge. Soft raw materials and thick-walled materials are processed with saws with a large tooth spacing, which allows to speed up the production process.

Characteristics

Band saws have three distinctive features. They are made only of special grades of tool steel, which ensures high strength and wear resistance of the teeth. Russian manufacturers usually use steel grades 9HF and B2F, foreign companies prefer the C75 series. In any case, the hardness of the material must be at least 45 HRS.

The cutting width of the band saw blade is much narrower than that of circular counterparts. As mentioned above, this is a fundamental factor in the processing of precious woods and industrial wood.

The saws are able to handle workpieces of any length and diameter without any problems. At the same time, a properly sharpened band saw ensures high production productivity.

It is necessary to clarify that the reliability of closed saws is due to the heterogeneity of the material used to make the blade.

In particular, the body of the saw tool is usually made of spring steel, which has incredible tensile and dynamic resistance. Grades of steel with high m of tungsten and cobalt are used for the manufacture of cutting edges. Individual parts of the web are welded together by high-frequency currents. Tools made using this technology can be used for cutting metal.

Divorce band saws table

INSTRUCTIONS FOR WOOD-MIZER BAND SAWS

The WOOD-MAIZER saw is made of high-carbon steel and heat-treated to ensure maximum saw stability in the cut. that is why our company recommends the use of the WOOD-MAIZER saw, however, any positive quality cannot but have accompanying side effects. The WOODMAIZER saws also have those. They require stricter treatment on the part of operators and sharpeners.

1 STEP TOOTH BLADE

The tooth pitch of a blade is the distance between the tops of two adjacent teeth. For WOOD-MIZER blades it is 22.0 mm. The tooth pitch is constant and does not change during the sharpening process.

Tooth height is the distance between the base of the interdental cavity and the apex of the tooth. Due to the presence of the interdental recess, sawdust is removed from the working area of the blade during sawing. The height of the tooth must be sufficient to ensure the removal of sawdust accumulated in the interdental cavity during the sawing process.

The height of the teeth of the WOOD-MIZER blades is optimal for all types of sawing. When sharpening the blade, the tooth height decreases. To maintain the required tooth height, it is necessary to deepen the groove between the teeth until the tooth height is 4.8 mm. See Table 1 at the end of this section.

Blades with 4.8 mm teeth. are used for all types of sawing. Blades with 4.0 mm teeth are mainly used for sawing frozen, hard wood. Blades with 4.3-6.4 mm teeth can be used for cutting very soft woods.

3 GRINDING ANGLE

Sharpening angle, degree of sharpening and tooth setting are the most important factors affecting blade performance. All of these factors affect the cutting quality and performance of the sawing machine.

The sharpening angle is the angle of deviation of the end of the tooth from the vertical. Due to the sharpening angle, the tooth “catches” the wood. The tooth must penetrate deep enough into the wood for the blade to efficiently eject the sawdust itself. If the sharpening angle is too high for a given saw feed speed, then this can lead to vibrations and, as a result, a deterioration in the quality of the cut. At a low sharpening angle, the tooth will not enter the wood to a sufficient depth, which can lead to additional cutting loads and deterioration in the quality of sawing.

The size of the sharpening angle depends on the type of wood to be processed and the productivity of the installation. As a rule, the smaller the sharpening angle, the lower the productivity of the sawing machines See Table 1 at the end of the section.

The recommended sharpening angle for most cases is 10.12 degrees. For cutting hardwood. For frozen wood, a sharpening angle of 12.5-15 degrees is recommended.

4 END ANGLE

End angle is the angle of deflection of the end of the tooth relative to the blade itself.

When the tooth is in an unbending position, the end angle is 90 degrees. When the blade is set, the angle of the end face changes by several degrees and becomes more than 90 degrees.

5 SETTING

Tooth set is an important factor affecting the cutting performance of the blade.

Tooth set is the linear amount of deflection of a tooth at a given angle relative to the plane of the blade. The greater the setting of the teeth, the wider the cut and the greater the force required when cutting.

See Table 1. Recommended tooth set is generally 0.5. 0.55 mm for 1.1 mm blades. When working with hard thresholds and frozen wood, the setting should be between 0.4. 0.45 mm for 1.1 mm blades. Large setting is used when working with soft woods (0.55. 0.6 mm for 1.1 mm blades).

Remember that when sharpening the teeth and decreasing their height, the setting is also reduced and a setting of the blade teeth is required.

The WOOD-MIZER saw is designed from the outset to be much stiffer than almost all of its main competitors, so it does not lose stability at a lower tension than other saws, and the lower the tension, the less stresses occurring in the blade and, as a result, less chance of breakage saws.

In order to correctly set the blade tension on the sawmill, you should do the following:

It is necessary to cut at the lowest possible tension (150. 170 atm.) This will prolong the life of the saw.

In order to get high quality lumber without overpaying for saws, you need to comply with a number of simple requirements:

a) It is necessary to monitor the condition of the belts on the pulleys, two belts cost less than one saw, so you can afford to change them a little more often and save incomparable money on saws. It is absolutely unacceptable to pass the saw blade through metal, if this happens, then the saw will not stand for even one hour.

b) It is important to correctly align the saw blade on the pulleys: the distance from the root of the tooth to the edge of the pulley can vary depending on the type of machine.

c) Align the deflection rollers correctly:

The rollers must be aligned horizontally and vertically
The roller should not push the saw down from its free state by more than the amount specified by the manufacturer, depending on the type of machine.
The back side of the saw should not be more than the amount specified by the manufacturer, depending on the type of machine, from the stop protrusion of the roller.

d) When turning the saw, the shape of the tooth must repeat exactly with the sample.

e) The web routing should be appropriate for the work to be performed, since the web,
confidently sawing a log with a diameter of 30 cm will not cut with the same success
a log with a diameter of 60 cm, because the volume of sawdust removed from the cut is approximately twice as large.

f) Choose the right saw lubricant. The optimal lubrication is a mixture of 50% diesel fuel and 50% oil for lubricating chainsaws’ tires (for sawing at temperatures below 15 ° C). This mixture should be sprayed onto the saw in a thin layer. There should not be a lot of lubricant, one spraying will be enough for a while. You will easily notice that it is time to lubricate by the way the sound returns, which was lost after applying the lubricant. Apply grease so that it hits both sides of the saw. The use of lubricant will also allow you to reduce the amount of “blooming” boards from sawdust and water falling on them.

g) RELEASE TENSION ON THE SAW AS YOU STOP SAWING

During the sawing process, the saws WARM up and, as a result, increase in length. Cooling down, the saws tend to shrink to their original size and in the process, excessive stresses arise in the saw. In addition, the memory of the shape of the two pulleys remains in the saw, which does not lengthen the life of the saw.

In addition. the belts on the pulleys are crumpled, which makes them, firstly, not round and adds additional vibration to the saw, and secondly, masks the “hump” on the belt, which ensures the very centering of the saw on the pulleys.

HOW TO UNDERSTAND WHETHER YOUR SAW IS CORRECTLY BREED?

Divorce can be considered optimal when between the saw blade and the tree that it cuts, there is a mixture of 65-70% sawdust and 30-35% air. The external manifestation of the fact that the saw is set correctly is that it throws out about 80-85% of sawdust from the cut.

In the case when the saw set is insufficient, tightly compressed hot sawdust remains on the surface of the board, nothing worse for a saw can be imagined. The sawdust should be warm, not hot or cold.

A saw that is too far apart is more likely to cut in jerks, and a saw that is too far apart will not excite.

If you are sawing logs with a diameter of 30 cm at a good speed and the sawdust is warm to the touch, then you should not try to cut a log with a diameter of 60 cm with a saw with the same sawdust, because it will have to remove twice as much sawdust from the cut, which means that the sawdust should be increased (approximately by 20%).

Conclusion: logs should be sorted by thickness before sawing.

Another very important point: only the upper third of the tooth should be diluted, do not dilute the tooth under the root, only a sharp corner at the very top of the tooth should participate in the sawing process.

Do not forget. that the softer the wood you are sawing, the larger the cut should be.

The saw should be sharpened after a free sag for 4-5 hours in an inverted state with minimal metal removal (if necessary, several times), and then deburred and diluted. calculate.

Do not forget that the indicator on your sharpener is thin. It costs nothing to knock down its setting. It works in an extremely hard mode, judge for yourself: your saw has approximately 220 teeth. You resharpen the saw 15 times. it turns out what a saw’s life; the indicator is triggered when it is set at least 3.5-4 thousand times (often it is necessary to breed a tooth in several steps). This example is given to remind you of that. that the indicator wears out over time and. what check its installation more often.

It has been proven time and again that the quality of the cut depends to a large extent on the shape of the teeth of your saw. Tooth shape has been developed and verified
for years and it is impractical to carry out these experiments again. Therefore, it is advisable to have a sample (30 centimeters) of the saw and control the shape of the tooth every time you resharpen the saw.

WAYS TO RESOLVE POSSIBLE SAWING PROBLEMS

When entering the log, the saw jumps up and when you remove the board, it curves like a saber. This is most likely due to the fact that the angle of sharpening of the tooth is too large, and the divorce is insufficient. Try to decrease the angle of sharpening of the tooth by a couple of degrees and increase the divorce by 2-3 thousandths; to the side.

Upon entering the log, the saw jumps up and cuts exactly to the end of the log, after which it falls down. This phenomenon is called “squeezing” or “squeezing”, that is, they say: squeezes the saw. This is most likely caused by too large a sharpening angle of the tooth. Try to reduce the sharpening angle by a couple of degrees.

The saw dives down and cuts exactly after that. This may be due to several reasons, for example the fact that the saw is dull, however, most likely, the reason for this phenomenon is the insufficient sharpening angle of the saw, which may in turn be caused by the fact that the sharpener does not fill the stone in time, inspect the blade carefully if the shape If the tooth seems perfect to you, then you should increase the angle of sharpening the tooth by a couple of degrees.

The saw dives down and when you remove the board, it curves like sabers. This is most likely caused by insufficient sharpening angle and insufficient setting at the same time. Look at the blade carefully, if the shape of the tooth seems ideal to you, then you should increase the sharpening angle by a couple of degrees and increase the angle by 2-3 thousandths to the side.

Drank goes in a wave. If the saw is sharp, this is due to too small a set, you should increase the set by 0.006-0.008 inches per side on the indicator.

Too much sawdust remains on the board and feels loose to the touch. This is most likely caused by too much stain, and if you look closely, you will see characteristic scratches across the board, the so-called “tooth marks”. As you probably already guessed, you should slightly reduce the saw set.

Sawdust “rolls” on the saw blade. This is due to the fact that the saw is not sufficiently spread and there is not enough air in the cut, the saw blade rubs against sawdust, heats up and wood dust is baked onto the saw. Increase the gap 0.005 inches per indicator side.

Sawdust “rolls” on the upper surface of the tooth, but this does not happen on the surface of the saw. This is due to poor quality of sharpening (too high feed or too much metal removal and, as a result, poor surface quality at the root of the tooth), or too large a sharpening angle of the tooth, or the fact that the saw blade continued to be sawed after it was already dull.

The sawdust on the board is compressed and hot to the touch. The gap is insufficient, the gap should be increased by 0.003 inches per side of the indicator. Reduce the sharpening angle.

DON’T FORGET THAT CUTTING WITH A BLANK SAW IS THE FASTEST WAY TO BREAK IT

The saw is cracked at the back. This is because the back stops of the guide rollers are too far from the back of the blade. The distance from the back of the blade to the stop of the guide roller should not exceed the value. indicated on the back depending on the type of machine.

A new saw that has never been re-sharpened will crack along the tooth depressions. This is most often due to the fact that the blade is not sufficiently spread out for the work that they are trying to perform (see paragraph 4 of the basic rules for sawing)., Or the fact that the blade continued to be sawed after it became dull), or it could occur after the first cut, if the log was sufficiently “heaped” in the sand.

After regrinding, the blade becomes covered with cracks in the tooth cavities. During regrinding, too much metal was removed at one time, resulting in an overheated tooth surface. Or it is due to a change in the geometry of the tooth. Compare the geometry of the tooth to the original by attaching a piece of blade to the saw that has never been sharpened.

Band saw. closed-type cutting tool used on sawmill equipment.

The undoubted advantages of these elements are high productivity and a minimum amount of production waste. It is possible that when sawing ordinary boards, the latter fact does not play a significant role, but when it comes to processing valuable wood species, the kerf width and cut quality directly affect the economic benefits.

Correct sharpening of a band saw for wood is a guarantee of production efficiency and tool durability. Usually such services are provided by specialized companies, but if you know the procedure and the subtleties of the procedure, you can sharpen a blunt saw yourself.

Wiring

Setting band saws into wood is the first step in restoring the profile of the cutting edge. During operation, the location of the teeth can change, so until the correct geometry is achieved, it makes no sense to sharpen the saw part.

There are 3 ways to open the saw:

classic. the teeth alternately deviate to the right and left sides;
stripper. the 1st and 2nd teeth deviate in different directions, the third remains even. This profile is created for sawing hard materials;
wavy. the most difficult option, resembling a wave in shape. Here, each tooth is individually shaped, and this type of setting is usually performed only in specialized workshops.

It should be noted that when wiring, not the whole tooth is bent around, but about 2/3 of the upper part. The procedure is performed on a special band saw setter. The cost of such a tool is quite high, so they buy it if you need to adjust several tools. Its presence can become the basis of a sharpening business.

Of course, the first time you can do everything correctly, even on an adjustable machine, it may not work, so at least the geometry of the profile should remain the same as before the start of work.

Common mistakes

If a person tries to sharpen a saw for the first time, it is difficult for him to fulfill all the requirements and remember the nuances of the technological process. However, violation of these rules leads to the fact that the efficiency of using the band saw is noticeably reduced, the load on the blade increases, which leads to premature rupture.

Professionals recommend avoiding such mistakes:

with mechanical sharpening, the abrasive stone is not positioned correctly relative to the saw profile. In this case, the sharpening of the teeth will be uneven;
excessive force when the saw and the grinding wheel contact. As a result, the metal overheats, dross appears, which leads to premature wear of the cutting edge;
burrs remain on the canvas. After sharpening, all roughness must be eliminated, otherwise microscopic cracks will appear on the metal during operation;
using your own sharpening angles. Many inexperienced craftsmen believe that only sharpness is important for saw teeth, therefore they shamelessly violate the geometry of the cutting edge profile recommended by the manufacturer. It is important to understand that the shape of the tooth has been tested over the years; it is useless to try to experiment here.

Instead of a conclusion, we add that each band saw has a certain resource, so the blade cannot be sharpened indefinitely. Manufacturers guarantee the correct operation of the tool until the total blade width is reduced to 65% of the original size.

Not unimportant in the preparation of the band saw is its set of teeth. There are a lot of questions from our clients about this. We answer your questions:

60 m3 instead of 20-30, and it also relieves stress from the saw, which is very important, each tooth will have the same profile, which will increase the stability of the saw in the cut.

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Selection Tips

class (household, semi-professional, professional);
motor power (this parameter affects the speed and comfort of sawing);
depth (a value that determines how thick a bar can be cut);
width (indicates the largest allowable width of the processed board);
the number of teeth (180 and 210 teeth are considered optimal);
functionality (stops, illumination of the working area, swivel mechanism, tilt device);
modes (several speeds allow you to work better with material of different hardness).

Sources:

http://www.pilorama54.ru/pokupatelyam/lentochnye-pily/pravilniy_razvod_i_zatochka/
http://stanokgid.ru/derevo/zatochka-lentochnoi-pily-po-derevu.html
http://morflot.su/razvod-lentochnyh-pil-po-derevu/
http://schemy.ru/info/razvod-lentochnyh-pil-tablica/
http://oxsy.ru/rejting-top-luchshih-lentochnyh-pil-po-derevu/

Electric Saws band, making, saws, wood