What Kind Of Steel On Circular Saws
Saw blades
Saw blades differ in different technical parameters. Discs are usually divided into types. for wood and similar materials, for metal.
Wood saw blades have tines inclined in the direction of travel. The more parts there are, the more accurate and accurate the cutting itself will be. Otherwise, the cut will be rough and ragged.
A hand-held electric circular saw for wood, which will be used to cut fiberboard, boards, will require a type of knife with frequent teeth (about 100 pcs.). For cutting wood with many knots, choose a reinforced blade with 24 cutting edges.
Knife markings consist of two numbers. The first characterizes its diameter, and the second characterizes the diameter of the landing rod. Discs with a lower value than that provided by the saw should not be installed on the equipment. Otherwise, there will be a space between the part and the casing where a hand can accidentally get into.
Saws “Interskol
The Russian company “Interskol” has proved itself well in the market of equipment for sawing wood. This is one of the most famous domestic manufacturers, whose products are distributed not only in our country, but also abroad. The relatively low price of the equipment (about 3000 rubles) makes it attractive to consumers.
Among the advantages that the Interskol circular saw for wood is endowed with are durability, good ergonomics of models, as well as the quality of the actions performed with its help.
A wide range of equipment parameters (cutting depth, power and functionality) will help you choose a tool for a variety of needs in wood cutting.
The existing additional functions of the circular saws of the presented company will make it possible to give comfort when handling this technique.
Equipment types by functionality
There are several main types of circular saws.
Mini-circular saw is the first type of the presented tool. This is a portable equipment equipped with an electric motor. It is a handy tool for small to medium-sized jobs.
The fixed type circular hand saw for wood has a support. The saw is located on it. Unlike a mini circular saw, the engine of such equipment is located under the support and is started from a stationary network using a cord.
The third type of tool is battery circulators. This is a fairly common type of equipment.
Another variation is the miter saw. It has a simple design with a handle with a start button, an operating unit and a saw blade.
Equipment parameters
One of the main parameters that you should pay attention to when choosing a handheld circular saw for wood of an electric type is the number of revolutions. It would be more correct to choose equipment with the ability to control this indicator. This function will allow you to make better cutting with an optimal level of load on the equipment.
Circular circular saws must have electronic protective functions. This will help protect both the equipment and the operator in case of emergency situations at work. A blocking of accidental launch must be present.
It will be useful to evaluate the appearance of the equipment upon purchase. It is very convenient to use an additional handle. The material of the product itself must be strong, capable of withstanding loads and mechanical stress.
Depending on the price, circular saws for wood are distinguished by the cleanliness of the assembly. The balance should be comfortable, the handles should not slip. This will allow you to firmly hold the technique in your hands.
Reviews of experts about saws for wood
Circular saws for wood, the price of which is slightly lower than that of foreign counterparts, are produced by domestic manufacturers. For example, the Russian company “Interskol” produces a wide range of models of circular saws for wood.
What is a circular saw for wood?
To choose the right circular saw for wood, you should start with its essence. This tool is a cross between a simple electronic jigsaw and a chainsaw that can cut thick tree trunks.
The equipment is intended for use both at work by professionals and at home. The cuts are accurate and fast. mowing line using the presented technique is straight and can be produced in wood of various thicknesses.
Circular saws can cut wood in various configurations. This equipment can cut various decorative elements on the material, but the operating time will be longer than that of a low-power jigsaw.
Comparing the work of the presented technique with the principle of operation of a chainsaw, it should be noted that the circulation is more accurate. powerful equipment is designed for rough cuts. The circular saw allows for neat cuts.
Sharpening discs
Working with blunt knives is hard enough and the engine is heavily stressed. Therefore, over time, you will need to sharpen a circular saw for wood.
Initially, the teeth are bred using a special tool. The sharpening of a circular saw for wood is carried out initially from the back surface of the teeth, and then the front row is processed.
The beginning of the work performed must be marked with a marker. Each tooth should be sharpened the same number of times and with the same effort as the first tooth.
After the performed manipulations, the disc must be checked. A trial cut is in progress. If there is extraneous noise, uneven feed of the bar, this is a sign of non-uniformity of the teeth in height. This can be verified by holding the marker up to the cutting surface. After turning the knife, you need to inspect it and identify irregularities in sharpening.
Device
The constituent elements of such a tool as a circular saw for wood deserve consideration. How to choose the most optimal model, experts suggest.
The engine power determines the performance of the entire mechanism. The higher it is, the thicker the boards can be cut with this equipment. The diameter of the knives used for tools such as circular saws for wood depends on the power. Their price directly depends on this indicator.
The weight of the circulator will also be higher with more equipment power. Therefore, before making the choice of a circular saw, it is necessary to determine the amount of work to be done. It is not worth overpaying for high power that will not be used.
Details
The electric circular saw for wood involves cutting both in a flat plane and at an angle. For this, support plates and pins are used. An eccentric system is attached to them. The pin allows the equipment to be held at an angle of typically 45˚. There are models that allow you to set a slope of 60˚. The tilt is made only to the right. The left is usually the engine.
It is possible to set the level of immersion of the saw in the material. The mechanism fixes the equipment on a fixed axle. It is located in front of the support.
One of the most popular devices is the protective cover. Above, the protection is mobile, and below. Fixed. Sawdust can be removed from the latter with a vacuum cleaner.
The wire must be protected by strong rubber insulation. Use batteries only when necessary, such as equipment such as mini circular saws.
Circular Saw
Circular saws are designed for straight, even cutting of wood, etc. Materials. Modern circular saws are hand-held. It is forbidden to turn them over and fix them permanently for safety reasons. In case of stationary curing, the unfolding board can “take off”, and it is very difficult to turn off the saw urgently, due to the location of the switch below. In addition, under the load, the reinforcement may not withstand and then trouble cannot be avoided.
The main operation in wood processing is, of course, sawing. And best of all, most
sawing cases with a circular saw. Perhaps some of the home craftsmen will object. that, they say, a jigsaw can be cut more versatile than they want, both a straight cut and a figured one. The jigsaw makes it easier to work with any workpiece that is more or less fixed. And what only home craftsmen did not do with a jigsaw, you cannot list everything. I do not argue the jigsaw is a very versatile tool, and nevertheless you have to object. The main cut in wood is a straight cut, the width and depth of cut may vary, but, as a rule, sawing involves straight mowing lines. But the jigsaw is not an expert on straight lines, it was created for circular sawing. Of course, a jigsaw will master a straight line, every home craftsman relies on a firm hand and a faithful eye, who makes a guide.
But who guarantees you a perfectly straight cut when using a jigsaw? Let’s also take into account that the jigsaw is not a “sprinter”, for circular cutting speed is not the most important parameter. And why reinvent the wheel if the tool for fast and accurate straight cuts has long been created. This is a conventional circular saw. We will not consider stationary circular saws, they are heavy, bulky (weight in 10 kg). And consider hand-held circular saws, the choice of which today simply abounds. But choice is good, but it raises a choice problem. Naturally, everyone should solve this problem for himself, based on the tasks that he would like to solve. The article is intended to facilitate the problem of choice. And so what is a circular saw.
The base plate itself is attached to the saw itself. The base plate for its seemingly simplicity and prosaicity plays an important role. The whole saw is attached to it through a special mechanism.
Base plates are available in stamped steel and aluminum alloy.
Saws with a stamped base plate, as a rule, are cheaper than those with a cast sole in terms of power and performance. The stamped plate is almost impossible to break, but any strong mechanical impact, for example, if dropped, will deform the base plate. There is no need to explain that it will not be possible to get a high-quality cut from such a saw. It is often not possible to straighten the bent base plate. In addition, stamped base plates are inferior to cast ones in rigidity. Therefore, expensive professional circular saws are equipped with a cast base plate.
Their rigidity is beyond praise. The only downside is that if dropped, the aluminum alloy plate may crack. However, it is already clear that the instrument must be handled with care.
On the base plate, almost all saws have a stop attachment, which allows parallel cuts to be made relatively accurately. By the way, the parallel stop is included in the package with many models of circular saws. The fastening of the stop itself is made in front, although there are models in which the stop is fastened in two places in front and behind. For cutting especially “delicate” materials, a special nozzle for the base plate is put on the sole. The attachment, if provided and produced by the manufacturer, is included in the delivery set. Professional saws on the base plate have a special groove that allows you to work with the guide rail. Using a guide rail it is possible to achieve very high precision. Guide rails are not included in the delivery set and must be purchased separately.
The saw blade is the most important component of a circular saw. We must remember that each saw is designed for a certain size of the disc, namely the diameter of the disc and the bore. I would like to note right away that the use of discs of a larger or smaller diameter
not recommended or even prohibited. In the case of a mismatch in the diameters of the bore, the position can be corrected by using special adapters (adapters). There are 6 main types of canvases
Type A. the blade is characterized by a large number of variable teeth. Designed for sawing chipboard, aluminum alloys, plastic
Type.B. a universal purpose cloth for various types of wood and wood-based materials. Characterized by high cutting quality.
Type-C is a blade with fewer teeth than previous discs. Purpose of the blade for sawing hard and soft wood species as well as chipboard. Type.D- This disc has a small number of flat teeth. The blade is used for fast cutting and has a rough cut quality. Type.E- disc with a large number of teeth. Designed for thin cutting of softwood.
Read more here: kwb circular saw blades
The mechanism responsible for tilting the saw to the side.
As noted above, the saw itself is attached to the base plate by means of a mechanism that tilts the saw to the side. The mechanism itself is quite simple, there are two protrusions on the plate, to which the eccentric mechanism is attached with the help of two pins. The pins themselves
do two things, hold the board and tilt the saw to the side. Adjustments are designed to hold the saw at the selected tilt angle. As a rule, the saw can be deflected at an angle of 45 degrees, although this is not the limit there are saws with an angle of 60 degrees, but these are expensive exclusive saws. The saw is tilted to the right, but here one important point needs to be clarified. The lion’s share of the saws are arranged with the saw on the left and the blade on the right. For saws with such a traditional layout, tilt is only possible to the right, tilt to the left is simply not possible, the engine interferes.
But there are saws whose disc, on the contrary, is to the left of the engine. These saws can only be tilted to the left. These are small saws, called “parquet” for a simple reason. The main purpose of these saws is to cut thin sheet material. According to the experts, this arrangement is more convenient for cutting work than saws with a traditional blade arrangement.
Immersion mechanism.
This mechanism is designed to adjust the cutting depth. In circular saws
at the moment, an eccentric mechanism is used. Its essence is that the saw is fixed in front of the support on a fixed axis, and has freedom of movement in the vertical plane. Tilting the saw up and down adjusts the cutting depth. The adjustment itself is carried out using a screw and a guide at the rear of the support. The eccentric immersion mechanism is currently the most common. And comfortable enough. But nevertheless, we note one more submersible method. This mechanism is usually used on expensive saws, but it is also used in more affordable models. The bottom line is that the saw moves in a vertical plane along two guides (rods). It is believed that this arrangement is more reliable due to the better positioning of the riving knife.
Additional stick.
On the appointment of an additional handle, I think it is not necessary to write.
The only thing I would like to note is that the additional handle is of two types. The most comfortable, in our opinion, handle is located on the saw platform. It gives a better weight distribution. The more common additional handle in the form of a “mushroom” on the body of the saw itself.
Protective casing: Actually, it consists of two parts, an upper non-movable casing and a lower movable one. Their purpose is clear from the name. On the upper protective casing there is a technological hole for removing sawdust during operation. It should be noted that the shape of the hole is different. If during operation the saw will not be connected to the vacuum cleaner, then the shape of the hole does not matter. If not, then you need to pay attention to what shape the hole is: if it is round. Complete order, if the hole is far from the circle in shape, then you need to inquire about the availability of a special adapter for the saw.
Riving knife: Its purpose is to prevent the workpiece from pinching the blade during sawing. The riving knife is attached with one or two bolts. For ease of mounting and dismounting, many saws are equipped with special holes in the upper casing. If these holes are missing
then access to the knife mounts is carried out by setting the saw to the position corresponding to the zero cut. Dismantling the riving knife, in fact, is a very infrequent operation, and is used when you need to start sawing the workpiece not from the edge, but in the middle.
Start button: The start button on the saw is not quite ordinary; it is associated with a protection mechanism against accidental activation. You cannot press the button without pressing the unlock button. This ensures increased safety in the use of the circular saw. The start button itself may differ in size. The most convenient buttons are large, on which two fingers fit freely.
Spindle lock: A mechanism that facilitates the installation of the blade, as a rule, is found only in expensive imported saws.
Power cord: It would seem so much simpler than a power cord. However, if it is supposed to work outdoors, under the influence of low temperatures, a rubber-insulated cord is preferable, as opposed to a plastic one. flexible and does not lose flexibility when exposed to low temperatures.
Motor: The main motor used in circular saw blades is a single-phase, synchronous collector motor. This means that there is a collector-brush assembly in its design.
Brushes are one of the most worn out parts, and here it is important not to miss the moment when the brushes will wear off and can damage the manifold. Many advanced imported saws have self-cutting brushes. Many saws in the body have special technological holes
to replace brushes. Saws are equipped with motors of different power. The higher it is. The better the engine copes with the loads, naturally, the weight of a larger engine is higher.
Electronics: Not present on all saws. The main purpose is soft start, speed control, overload protection, keeping the speed at a constant level.
SAW BLADES. “SKIN” FROM FREUD
Today, it is probably difficult to find a person who has never faced sawing wood and its derivatives at least once in his life. Agree that when building or repairing, making windows or doors, furniture or stairs, in the country and in the household, the most popular tool is circular saws.
Manufacturers of circular saws are widely represented on the Ukrainian market, from global brands to domestic manufacturers. This article will discuss the advanced technical solutions of the Italian company POZZA S.P.A. Which allowed freud® circular saw blades to take the leading position in the world both in the number of produced and sold saws, and in terms of price-quality ratio.
Freud® uses only the best German tool steels with a hardness of over 42 HRC for its circular saw bodies. This gives the saw body excellent rigidity and contributes to reliability during the sawing process. At the same time, the steel is subject to mandatory strict incoming control.
Cutting of sheet steel is made on automatic lines by laser cutting. This completely removes residual stresses on the edge. The laser-cut compensation slots not only effectively dissipate stresses from heating and centrifugal expansion of the metal of the saw body, but also significantly reduce the noise level. In addition, the use of this method allows you to freely and flexibly design the design of the circular saw body itself. And the use of the above-mentioned special “silent” slots in the saw body design can reduce noise and vibration by 40%. During the production process, the saw bodies are subjected to additional tension using the saw body rolling. This gives increased stability when cutting. In addition, all freud® saws undergo dynamic balancing and runout control, both radially and axially. Particular attention is paid to the mounting holes of the circular saw blades. Special machining and dimensional control ensure absolute tool rotation accuracy.
In-house production of hard metal allows freud® to control 100% quality of non-woven metal solders already at the stage of their production. Few companies in the world have such high-tech production facilities. This mainly allowed the manufacturer to select the properties of the alloy depending on the purpose of the tool. For circular saw teeth, freud® uses carbide grade only with a particularly fine grain structure and addition of titanium. This combination provides maximum hardness while maintaining the required elasticity. The teeth are soldered onto the body using only silver-copper-silver sandwich solder. Silver promotes deep penetration of the solder into the surfaces to be joined, and copper creates a damping layer that protects the saw teeth from collapse due to impacts during operation. Freud® adjusts the sharpening angles specifically depending on the material being processed. Special form of soldering allows to increase the number of regrinds.
It should also be noted that the entire manufacturing process of circular saw blades is subject to rigorous quality control. A well-functioning production process system, as well as a control system for personnel management and sales network, allowed FREUD POZZA S.P.A to receive a certificate for compliance with the international standard ISO 9002 one of the first in the industry. That is why the company has taken a tough stance in the fight against all kinds of counterfeiting of its products. The entire tool, except for the individual code by which you can trace its path, is laser-marked, and every six months the company introduces new packaging.
All these steps could not fail to bring the Italian company FREUD POZZA S.P.A to a leading position in the world in the production and sale of its products. Today the company specializes in the production of a wide range of carbide-tipped circular saw blades. Last year it amounted to approximately 16 thousand. Sips per day. Circular saws can be conditionally divided into several groups according to the range or type of application.
Universal saws: circular saws for ripping and cross-cutting soft and hard wood (LU2A, LU1H).
Miter saws: circular saws designed for cutting across the fibers of hard and soft rocks (LU2B, LU2D, LU2C).
Multi-saw blades: circular saws for ripping soft and hard wood; available with trimming knives (LM01-LM07) and without them (LU1C, LU1D); with standard or reduced kerf (LM08).
Saws for cutting chipboard, laminate and plywood:
circular saws designed for cutting chipboard, MDF, laminates on machines with a scoring unit (LU3D) or without it (LU3E), but with a negative rake angle.
Scoring saws: circular saws designed to be used in addition to main saws when cutting panels faced on both sides in order to avoid chipping on the lower surface of the material being processed; used on machines with the ability to adjust the scoring unit in height (LI25M) and without it (LI16M).
Saws for sawing centers: circular saws designed for cutting laminated chipboard and MDF both in one sheet and in a package; tooth shape can be alternately beveled (LSA) or alternating straight and trapezoidal (LSB).
Saws for cutting non-ferrous metals and plastics: circular saw blades for cutting aluminum and other non-ferrous metal profiles (LU5A, LU5B), with a negative sharpening angle (LU5D), steel profiles (LU6A) and plastic (LU4A, LU4B).
Saws of the pro series: circular saw blades for hand tools for both ripping and cross cutting wood on hand saws.
The new generation of Freud circular saws
New technologies
1.1 Sharpening angles
Sharpening the teeth of a circular saw is carried out taking into account the four main angles that are formed at the intersection of the planes:
- Front corner;
- Back angle;
- Front and rear bevel angles.
As an auxiliary, the taper angle is also taken into account, which is set by the value of the front and rear angles.
Sharpening angles depend on the purpose of the saw:
- For rip sawing, a rake angle of 15 to 20 degrees is suitable;
- When crosscutting. from 5 to 10 degrees;
- With universal application, on average. 15 degrees.
Basic types of carbide circular saw teeth
It is important to consider the sharpening angles not only in the direction of cutting, but also in the hardness of the wood. the harder it is, the smaller the front and rear angles should be.
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1 Shapes of teeth on saw blades
There are several of them, and they appeared due to the optimization of the effect of the cutting edge on the material being cut, which can have different properties.
The main tooth shapes are:
- Straight. used for rip sawing when high quality is not required;
- Oblique (beveled tooth). has a variable right and left angle of inclination of the back (sometimes front) plane. Used for cutting both longitudinal and transverse directions. The most common form for circular saws. This configuration is convenient to use when cutting boards with double-sided lamination, as it does not chip along the edges of the cut;
- Trapezoidal. characterized by a long retention of the cutting edge in a sharp state. Usually, on saw blades, teeth of this shape alternate with straight teeth, slightly rising above them. Trapezoidal teeth, in this case, make rough sawing, and straight teeth, finishing;
- Conical. this shape of the teeth is used for auxiliary operations. For example, a layer of laminate is notched to prevent the appearance of fragments during the main sawing.
The front edge of all teeth is flat, but in some types of circular saws it is concave.
Circular saw markings
This allows for a high quality finish cross-cut.
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2 Equipment for sharpening saw blades
Such are the grinding machines for circular saws, which are structurally made in the following variations:
- When sharpening, only the saw moves (the motor with the grinding wheel is stationary);
- Both the sharpened saw and the motor with a circle can move;
- Only the motor with the grinding wheel attached to it moves (the saw blade remains stationary).
As a standard example of a sharpening machine, a device can serve as a device that consists of two units. an engine, with a grinding wheel mounted on its shaft, and a support on which the sharpened circular saw is attached.
Saw Blade Sharpening Machine
To ensure angular sharpening in this device, a system must be provided that allows you to change the angle of inclination of the blade (for teeth with a beveled front plane).
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2.2 Homemade sharpening machine
A lot of people, when working with their own hands, do not use hardmetal circular saws regularly, but from time to time. Therefore, it does not make economic sense to buy factory equipment. A homemade sharpening machine is an excellent solution that will allow you not to turn to third-party organizations.
The main argument is that when sharpening a circular saw with your own hands on a regular grinding wheel, it is very difficult to maintain the required sharpening angles. Therefore, a device is needed that will allow you to fix the saw blade in a specific position in relation to the grinding wheel.
A home-made machine, on which you can sharpen circular saws with your own hands, can consist of the following units and parts:
- A fixed electric motor with the possibility of attaching a grinding disc to its shaft;
- Stand table, the surface of which is at the same height as the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel;
- Tilting the stand with hinges on one side and rotating (height-changing) screws on the other. This will allow angular sharpening along the front and back plane;
- Retainers for securing the saw blade. To do this, a groove is made on the surface of the stand for the mandrel, on which the saw is installed. Moving the mandrel, together with the disc, along the groove will allow you to maintain the required angle of sharpening of the teeth;
- A device for moving an electric motor or a stand for angle sharpening of circular saws with different diameters;
- The presence of stops for reliable fixation of the tool during work.
Homemade sharpening machine designed for diamond sharpening of carbide-tipped circular saw blades
How a circular saw sharpener works?
Any cutting tool tends to become dull during operation. This also applies to carbide saw blades, which must be sharpened regularly in order to cut wood quickly and efficiently.
The easiest way to sharpen teeth on a circular saw is to use a regular file. But when working with your own hands, on bringing the cutting tool into working condition, there are many difficulties that only a good specialist with a lot of experience can handle. It is much easier, faster and more efficient to use a home-made circular saw sharpener or a circular knife sharpener for this operation.
Machine for sharpening circular saws Monolit TD1-600
If there is a home-made electric sharpening machine for circular saws, regardless of whether it is a factory tool or a home-made one, you should know the basic principles of using such equipment. Especially when there is a need to sharpen saw blade teeth that have different geometries and sharpening angles.
2.1 JMY8-70 machine
The JMY8-70 machine is designed for sharpening circular saw blades made of hard high-speed alloys. The machine can handle the front and rear planes of the teeth, as well as perform angular sharpening.
- Has a diamond grinding wheel with a diameter of 125 mm;
- Equipped with an inclined saw holder, which allows for angular sharpening;
- The body is made of cast steel used in the aviation industry;
- Installed on rubber pads, which significantly reduce the effect of vibration on the processed material;
- Has a simple adjustment that even a non-specialist can handle.
The manufacturer, upon shipment, completes the machine with detailed instructions, which describe in detail all possible functions of the device and how to perform them.
JMY8-70 Electric Sharpening Machine
- The grinding wheel has dimensions. 125 × 10×8 mm;
- The grinding wheel can be rotated up to 20 degrees;
- The diameter of the saw to be sharpened is from 70 to 800 mm;
- Grinding wheel rotation speed. 2850 rpm;
- Weight. 35 kg.
2.3 Sharpening circular saw blades
The sequence of operations when sharpening the front plane of the tooth of a carbide circular saw:
- The saw is placed on a mandrel and secured with a tapered sleeve with a nut;
- It is set clearly horizontally using a pendulum goniometer, while the bevel angle of the front plane is equal to zero;
- Moving the mandrel horizontally with the disc installed, the specified rake angle is set. Simply put. the disc moves in such a way that the front plane of its tooth fits snugly against the surface of the grinding wheel;
- Using a marker, a mark is made. which tooth began sharpening;
- When the electric motor is turned on, several movements of the saw are made forward and backward, pressing the sharpened surface to the working surface of the grinding wheel;
- The thickness of the metal removal is regulated by the clamping force and the number of translational movements;
- After the first tooth has been sharpened, the saw is removed from contact with the grinding wheel and rotates around its axis by one tooth, which will be the next when sharpening;
- The operation is repeated according to the number of teeth on the saw blade.
Technical Information for Tool Steel Circular Saws
Circular saws for wood
Circular saw is a rotating cutting tool in the form of a circular blade with many cutting teeth around the perimeter, which is designed for mechanical cutting of wood and wood-based materials.
The circular saw is made of alloy tool steel, heat treated, aligned, calibrated, set and sharpened.
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Material: The circular saw is made of 75Cr1 steel. (DIN 1.2003); (ČSN 19418)
Heat treatment: Saw blade hardened to 44-48 HRc for body thicknesses up to 3 mm and 42-46 HRc for body thicknesses over 3 mm.
The runout of the saw blade changes in the clamped state near the fastening hole, and it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the clamping flanges, which must be at least 5x√D saw diameter.
Calibration: By appropriately adjusting the preload, the strength of the circular saw blades is increased, which allows for higher feed rates and thus improved cutting accuracy and cut surface quality. Circular saws are calibrated during production for a cutting speed of 60 m / s for smaller thickness and 80 m / s for larger thickness of circular saws. The corresponding revolutions for which the saw is calibrated are indicated on the saw blade.
Wiring: Wiring (one side) is typically 1/4 of the thickness of the disc body. Only the upper third of the tooth is divorced. The setting must be symmetrical, otherwise the circular saw will begin to deviate towards the larger setting. The wiring is always done before sharpening, after sharpening it is only controlled and corrected if necessary. If set too low, the saw blade overheats, loses strength and leads to the side. Excessively large set-up results in losses from too wide a cut, higher energy consumption and increased roughness of the cut surface.
For soft wood choose a larger layout than for hard wood.
For slitting we choose a larger set than for cross-cutting.
For wet wood, choose a larger layout than for dry wood.
For a frozen tree, choose a smaller layout than for an unfrozen tree.
If the machine is in poor condition, we choose a large wiring.
The most common causes of short sharpening times are:
- Overheating of cutting inserts: This is manifested by discoloration of the tips of the cutting inserts, which occurs due to overheating of the material during sharpening Overheating can occur due to too much pressure (removal of a large amount of material) of the grinding wheel on the grinding surface, due to the use of a grinding wheel that is too hard, too fine grain of the grinding wheel, improper tool attachment or intensive sharpening without cooling.
Carbide teeth
The cutting part is the most important part of a circular saw since it is the cutting tool. To ensure high quality products, depending on the specific working conditions, it is necessary to take into account three main factors: 1) the composition of the hard alloy; 2) the shape of the teeth; 3) angle of inclination of teeth.
Carbide is a product obtained by pressing and sintering tungsten powders (tungsten carbide. WC) together with a binder (cobalt. Co) with the possible presence of crystal formation inhibitors (tantalum carbide. TaC) or vanadium carbide (VC).
Depending on the content of tungsten carbide in the hard alloy (HM), which varies from 90% to 98%, as well as on the particle size of the powder, material of various degrees of hardness is obtained, taking into account the intended field of application of the product. The higher the tungsten, the harder the carbide, however, its toughness decreases. Reducing the size of the powder grains results in a denser material, which is therefore more resistant to abrasion.
The harder alloy is subject to less wear, but it breaks more easily. Thus, the best carbide for a given application is the carbide that provides the best hardness / toughness ratio.
Compensation slots
Saw blades are often equipped with expansion slots that compensate for deformations caused by centrifugal acceleration forces (due to rotation of the tool) and steel heating (due to friction between the saw and the material being cut).
If these deformations are not taken into account, they will lead to oscillations of the disc during operation. Straight circular saws provide more precise cuts and a longer service life. Cutting of circular saw blades to reduce saw noise.
Circular saw characteristics
To ensure a high quality saw blade, three aspects must be taken into account: the raw materials, the applied technology and the care in its manufacture. A circular saw consists of a steel body (plate) and cutting parts (teeth) made of hard alloy, which are soldered around its circumference.
Chip limiting device. Laser cutting
Laser cutting technology is used for cutting saw blades. This process is carried out non-contact, with a reduced thermal effect. Any steel profile, no matter how thick or thin it may be, can be cut exactly to the required dimensions, very quickly and with excellent edge quality. Unlike other methods, this process allows the use of steels with increased resistance to external influences, from which very strong discs are obtained. This in turn allows for more stable saws suitable for a wide variety of applications.
It is also important that this technology allows you to cut products of any shape with the utmost precision, while there is no need for shapes and templates. All this becomes possible thanks to the use of high-tech digitally controlled machine tools.
The original attachment on the saw blade reduces the likelihood of kickback caused by forced feed or knots falling out in the material being cut. This is especially useful when using hand-feed circular saws. Number and pitch of saw blade teeth
The number of teeth on a circular saw depends on its diameter, the type and thickness of the material to be cut. The distance between two adjacent teeth is called pitch (P). Many years of experience in studying the effect of various saw blades on wood indicates that to ensure the best cut quality, it is necessary that a certain number of teeth be in the material at any time (3 for rip sawing and 5 for cross sawing). This amount should remain constant for all possible material thicknesses. As a result of this rule, by decreasing the number of teeth, the working optimum thickness increases.
Noise Reduction Slots (NRS)
When the circular saw rotates, due to the voids along its circumference (for dumping sawing waste, compensation slots, etc.), jitter occurs and, as a result, noise. To reduce noise in the workplace, circular saw manufacturers develop original inserts that fit inside the blade and are completely filled with special sound-absorbing material.
As a result, saw blade noise and vibration are reduced. Reducing vibration increases the efficiency of the saw blades and significantly increases the life of the cutting parts. To improve the adhesion of the sound-absorbing material and the saw blade, a special toothed zone is provided in the center.
Saw Blade Coatings
Chrome plated
Chrome plating refers to the application of a layer of electrolytic chromium to the saw blade, as a result of which it becomes water-repellent. Its thickness can be only a few hundredths of a millimeter, but at the same time, an increased surface hardness is achieved and absolutely complete adhesion of the coating to steel is guaranteed.
These properties of the coating make it ideal for saw blades that are subject to wear due to the high abrasiveness of the material being processed (e.g. double-coated chipboards).
For this reason, all panel saw blades (type DP, DPX) are chrome plated, which guarantees a significant increase in their service life. It is also important to note that thanks to the chrome coating, the saw blades are not exposed to the weather, which means they are protected from corrosion.
Metalgear®
A product of innovative technology, MetalGear® is the leader in functional tool coatings for machining steel. This coating is applied by vacuum arc vapor deposition (PVD), which involves the evaporation of a metallic material in a vacuum chamber. Metal vapors are deposited on the surface of the product in the form of a very clean layer of nitride.
The result is a hardness of 2500/3000 HV (Vickers hardness number), in contrast to 800 HV with standard galvanic chromium plating, as well as an increase in viscosity, while maintaining excellent chemical and thermal resistance characteristics.
For all these reasons, MetalGear® is an excellent coating for saw blades used to cut steel. It doubles the cutting performance of uncoated saw blades, provides a higher feed rate during cutting and also allows the machine to be used without lubrication (dry cutting).
Flaiarmor
The FlaiArmor coating, which has a characteristic blue color, is a FLAI development. It consists of a PTFE polymer base with flakes of aluminum. The coating is applied by spray followed by thermosetting of technopolymer.
Flaiarmor has the following advantages: it is not exposed to the harmful effects of chemicals, absolutely insoluble in water and solvents, has excellent lubricating properties, is anti-adhesive, and thanks to the addition of aluminum flakes, it disperses and dissipates the heat generated during friction in the cut