Where to put the oil in the chain saw. How the chain oiling system should work?

oil to gasoline ratio for chain saws of well-known brands, the correct proportions, as well as what not to dilute

Preparing the fuel mix. a very important process, both gasoline consumption and gasoline service life depend on compliance with the correct proportions of gasoline and oil. Many are accustomed to mix 1:50, but this is not correct.к. ratios of the two components, all manufacturers have different. In this article let’s understand what the most famous manufacturers recommend to pour, in what proportions, and give an example of how to dilute and prepare fuel correctly.

Only two-stroke engine oil is added to chainsaw fuel. Four-stroke oils are categorically unsuitable. The reason is that in two-stroke engines oil burns together with gasoline.

In automobile and other four-stroke engines, it is poured into the crankcase, has many special additives, originally not designed for combustion. If you put it in the chainsaw, it will smoke, it will not burn out completely and will quickly form a thick soot layer that can eventually put the chainsaw out of order.

In addition to the general specification “for two-stroke engines,” a chainsaw manufacturer may recommend using a specific brand of oil on its model. It may have special combustible additives and additives that extend the life of your chainsaw’s engine.

This is what the 2-stroke chainsaw engine oil of the well-known Champion brand looks like

Older, Soviet-era two-stroke engines used the same engine oil as four-stroke engines, like M8. Old engine oils did not contain as many noncombustible additives as modern oils. To make sure that this unspecialized oil will provide adequate lubrication for chain saws, higher dosages are used.

When an engine was running-in, the ratio was 1:20, after that 1:25. Large amounts of multipurpose oil that has not been created for complete burnout resulted in rapid caking and sticking of piston rings, formation of soot on top of the piston, spark plugs, cylinder exhaust ports and muffler. For the same reason, the spark on the chainsaw spark plug may disappear.

In severe cases, windows and muffler can become clogged with soot. A thick layer of soot on the piston significantly reduces the volume of the combustion chamber.

Modern special oils for two-stroke engines provide much better lubrication. That’s why it needs almost half as much as before. from 1:40 to 1:50.

Thus the engine remains clean and serves a long time, despite the lower mechanical strength of modern engines in comparison with the old ones.

We also recommend to read an interesting article about what oil to use for a chainsaw chain and with what it can be painlessly replaced.

Choosing Engine Oil

Oil intended for 2-stroke engines must meet the following requirements.

• the grease should form a minimum of ash when burned. Ideally it should burn out completely.
• The grease should have good gasoline solubility and a high degree of purity from various impurities that can cause clogging of the carburetor’s very narrow channels.
• The oil should have high anti-corrosion, anti-wear and lubricating properties.

There are certain standards of oils intended for two-stroke engines: TC-W3 and 2T. Lubricant corresponding to TC-W3 standard is used for water-cooled engines (boat motors, jet skis). 2T oil is used as a gasoline additive for air-cooled two-stroke engines (lawnmowers, mopeds, chainsaws, etc.).д.).

Oils can be green, red or blue. This is so that their presence in petrol can be readily determined.

If low-quality lubricant is used, the entire engine piston group can fail due to fouling under the piston rings. As a result, it cannot be compressed, and scoring occurs on the cylinder walls. Also incorrect lubrication of the crank bearings can lead to overheating and eventually to seizure. The STIHL chain lubrication system has been optimized for the lubrication of your STIHL chainsaw with a choice of four different oil and diesel fuel additives.

Overview of chainsaw chain lubrication

To understand how important chainsaw chain oil is, let us take a look at how the lubrication system works, using the STIHL 180 as an example. This model is one of the most popular models of STIHL chain saws.

The chain lubrication system of a STIHL chain saw 180 consists of several main parts:

• Oil expansion tank;
• the lubricant supply tubes from the tank to the pump;
• The oil pump;
• the lubricant supply lines to the bar (on some saws you can adjust the intensity of oil injection into the bar)
• channel system inside the bar to distribute the lubricant over the entire working surface of the saw head.

The chain lubrication intensity for the STIHL chain saw 180 is not generally regulated manually. Some other models (such as Husqvarna saws) have the ability to adjust the oil flow to the chainsaw chain.

A simple rule applies in this chain saw: the higher engine speed the more the pump rotor rotates and the more lubricant is transferred to the saw head.

There are no more fine-tuned settings without using methods not described in the instruction manual.

Oil is always added to the oil reservoir before each refueling. The designers have designed this chainsaw in such a way that a small amount of oil should still remain in the expansion tank after the fuel is used. That means that, if operated correctly, it is unlikely that the chain saw will run dry.

The lubrication system works as follows. The crankshaft drives a simple oil pump by means of a kinematic connection.

The oil pump creates vacuum and sucks lubricant from the tank. Then it is pressurized into the bar channel system. The oil goes to the chain drive cogs and spreads throughout the chain. The chain, the bar’s running surface and its front needle bearing are lubricated.

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Oil to petrol ratio

For the exact oil-to-fuel ratio, see your chain saw’s manual or packaging. It is equally bad to under or over add oil. If you use the same material and saw, you need to add 50 parts of gasoline to one part of the oil. If the brands are different, it is better to reduce the amount of gasoline to 40 parts.

Follow not the advice on the internet, but the information in your chainsaw manual. Different manufacturers recommend different proportions of materials, the ratio may be 1:30 or even 1:100.

It is critical to maintain the exact ratio of gasoline to oil. To measure the correct volume, you can either look at the dosing device on the oil pack or use a syringe supplied by a doctor. You can also find special mixing containers on sale, which will help you measure the volume of both products.

It is better to prepare the mixture in the volume needed for one time. According to the recommendations of technologists, the mixture should not be stored in the mixed form for longer than three days. Prolonged storage causes tar sediments to form in the mixture, thus impairing combustibility.

AI-92 fuel is best suited for this mixture. In AI-95 different additives are often added, and you can meet a lot of fakes.

Fuel and oil should be diluted in a metal or thick plastic container that does not react with petroleum products. Food plastic cannot be used, because it will decompose under the influence of gasoline and change the properties of the fuel mixture.

Choice of engine oil

Oil intended for the 2-stroke engine should meet the following requirements.

• Lubricant should produce minimum ash when burned. Ideally, it should burn out completely.
• The grease should have good gasoline solubility and a high degree of purity from various impurities that can cause clogging of very narrow carburetor passages.
• The oil should have good corrosion-preventive, anti-wear and lubricating properties.

There are certain standards of oils intended for two-stroke engines: TC-W3 and 2T. Lubricants meeting TC-W3 standards are used for water-cooled engines (boat engines, jet skis). 2T oil is used as a gasoline additive for air-cooled 2-stroke engines (lawnmowers, mopeds, chainsaws, etc.).д.).

Oils may be green, red or blue. This is done so that their presence in petrol can be easily detected.

When using low-quality lubricant the entire engine piston group can fail due to formation of sludge under the piston rings. As a result, they will not be able to compress and scoring will occur on the cylinder walls. Also improper greasing of crank bearings leads to their overheating and eventually to their jamming. Important: it is forbidden to use diesel oil to prepare a fuel mixture, because it does not meet any of the above parameters.

Choice of fuel

What fuel to choose for a chainsaw. it’s not an unreasonable question, it directly depends on the success of the unit. According to existing canons, a good gasoline for a chainsaw is not ethylated but high octane gasoline from a proven manufacturer. The cleaner the fuel, the better. If gasoline has been stored in a canister for a year or a year and a half, it will adversely affect the nature of the device, so prepare the substance just before starting work.

It is recommended not to use low-octane fuel and not to use cheap oil of dubious quality. You should not use leaded fuel, it significantly reduces the resource of the power plant.

It is important to monitor that there is no alcohol in the fuel, any additives that can impair the functioning of the power unit. Experts are still debating what is better to use 95 or 92. The first has a more stable detonation performance, but 92 is still most commonly used. The reason is simple: 95 is often the cause of the problem. it contains a large number of various additives that are bad for the saw’s engine. Micro detonation (piston pulse in the opposite direction) occurs, which takes place at almost every revolution of the crankshaft. If the octane number is even higher (98), the micro-impact will be even more intense.

The consequences of wrong gasoline on the quality of the unit can only be negative:

Chain oil for chainsaws: what kind and how much to use

For owners of private houses and dacha plots, the chainsaw is an indispensable technique. With its help you can quickly and easily perform a variety of works. sawing firewood, construction of wooden structures and pruning old trees. In order for such equipment to serve long and trouble-free it is necessary to properly follow the rules of chain saw operation.

One of these rules is the preparation of the fuel mixture for the chain of a gasoline power tool. How to do it correctly and what should be the composition of the fuel, we will try to find out in our article.

Operational properties

In the production of branded and standard oils, standards related to viscosity or density, as well as the concentration of foreign impurities are taken into account. Among the features we note the following points:

• There is practically no difference between organic and mineral compounds in terms of their performance. This is because the tire’s surface is flaked off quite quickly. It is not necessary to overpay for expensive lubricants, because the difference is insignificant.
• The protective properties of mineral compositions are considerably higher than those of natural oils. This is why it is advisable to use oils of this kind for light-duty jobs.
• If there are only a few days between works, it is recommended to use organic compounds. They cost much less than mineral oils, but are highly efficient to use.

If you are using grease for the first time, you should keep the saw at medium speed for a few minutes and check that it is compatible with the model in question. Similar oils are also characterized by the temperature at which they can retain their performance.

Lubrication system malfunctions and how to correct them

The main faults of the oil supply system on a chainsaw can be divided into two main types, these are common faults inherent in all chainsaws and individual faults, which may differ depending on the type of pump and worm gear installed on a particular model. Let’s start troubleshooting in order.

It is forbidden to operate a chain saw if the chain is not lubricated. It is detrimental to the bar, drive sprocket and chain and can be very expensive to repair.

Signs of a faulty lubrication system, check for proper functioning

• Chainsaw chain is dry and has a pale shade without shine.
• The chain can be stretched relatively quickly.
• The bar is very hot and the paint may even be partially melted.
• Oil from the tank hardly ever goes down.
• Cutting performance is reduced on a sharp chain

All these signs indicate that the lubrication process runs with violations. In order to check the oil supply by the lubrication system, it is necessary to remove the side bar of the chainsaw and start it. Then, it is necessary to increase the speed a little watching the place of the end of the oil line. If oil is coming in, it is probably not enough for proper lubrication and the filter should be cleaned or replaced and if possible the flow should be regulated. In the case when it does not come, the problem is more serious and requires further diagnosis.

There is a way to check the oil flow without removing the tire. It is necessary to direct the end of the bar to the side of, for example, a freshly cut billets from the cutting side and increase revolutions as much as possible, it is necessary to try to keep the bar end not more than 10 cm from the billets. If oil stains start to appear on the surface of the oil system, it means that oil is being pumped.

Troubleshooting

Once it has been determined that no oil is flowing, further diagnosis is only possible by removing the oil system completely. Of course in some situations it helps to change the filter, but this is very rare.

Access to the oil pump of some models of saws, is possible only after a complete disassembly, respectively, not having skills in the repair of power tools, the repair is better to trust professionals.

The most frequent problems are

• Oil hose breakage. It can sometimes be detected by visual inspection as well. The problem is solved by replacing the defective part.
• Lack of threads on the oil pump shaft, replacing it will help.
• Defective threads on the pump drive pinion are similarly solved by installing a new part.
• Lack of corkscrew of the main shaft (relevant for some models of tools, such as Homelite). Correct it by installing, instead of the native corkscrew, a suitable diameter nail, cutting it to the required length.
• Clogged line. Can be removed by blowing out with compressed air or mechanically, using a wire of suitable diameter.
• Clogged filter element.
• The STIHL MS 180 has a pump that cannot be disassembled and is prone to blockage. Can try flushing in clean gasoline, if not replace.
• In Chinese chain saws (Roma), it is very common for the grooves on the main pinion to shear through which the force from the sprocket is transmitted to it.

Individual faults in the STIHL MS 180 lubrication system

Since the STIHL MS 180 is one of the most popular chain saw models, I would like to dwell on a particular characteristic fault and explain how to fix it without changing parts.

On the STIHL MS 180 chain saw it is fairly common to find an oil pipe leaking where the oil pipe from the oil tank is attached to the chain saw. You can tell when there is unusual lubricant leakage on the underside of the tool.

To eliminate the problem, remove the chain saw handle, remove the hose from the seating hole, clean and degrease. After all these manipulations to apply sealant to the seat of the hose and install it in the chainsaw housing.

To learn more about troubleshooting and full diagnosis of the STIHL chain saw lubrication system, please watch the video, which shows the disassembly and repair of the lubrication system step by step.