What engine on the walk -behind engineer is two -stroke or four -stroke.

Comparison of a two.stroke motor with a four.stroke

The clock cycle of the internal combustion engine is the piston stroke from one dead point to another. One beat corresponds to a 180-degree turn (half-turn) of the crankshaft. With a 4-stroke process, the working cycle is carried out for two turns of the shaft, with 2 strokes-in one.

Four.stroke engine

The working cycle of a four.stroke engine consists of four main stages. tactes. Piston. Metal glass surrounded by spring rings (piston rings) embedded in the grooves on the piston. Piston rings do not pass the gases formed during the combustion of fuel, in the interval between the piston and the walls of the cylinder. The porch is equipped with a metal rod. finger, connecting. The connecting rod transfers the rectilinear reciprocating movement of the piston into the rotational movement of the crankshaft.

Stage I. inlet. During the inlet process, the piston of the four.stroke engine goes from the upper dead point to the lower dead point. At the same time, the inlet valve opens the fist of the camshaft, a fresh fuel-air mixture is delayed into the cylinder of the four-stroke engine.

Stage II. compression. The fourth.stroke engine is rises from the lower dead point to the upper dead point, compressing the working fuel mixture. At the same time and the temperature of the combustible mixture rises significantly. The ratio of the cylinder working volume at the lower dead point and the volume of the combustion chamber at the inner dead point is called the degree of compression (not to be confused with compression). The degree of compression is a very important parameter, usually the larger it is, the greater the fuel efficiency of the engine. But, for a four.stroke engine with a greater degree of compression, fuel with a large octane number is required, which is more expensive.

Stage III. combustion and expansion (working piston). Shortly before the end of the compression tact, the combustible mixture is ignited by a spark from the spark plug. During the piston from the upper dead point, the fuel burns to the lower dead point, and under the influence of heat of burned fuel, the working mixture expands, pushing the piston. The degree of “unrest” of the crankshaft of the engine to the upper dead point when the mixture is set on is called the angle of the ignition ahead. The ignition is necessary so that the gas pressure reaches the maximum value when the piston is in the upper dead point. Then the use of the energy of burned fuel will be maximum. The speed of combustion of fuel practically does not change, that is, it takes a fixed time, therefore, in order to achieve maximum engine performance, it is necessary to increase the ignition angle of the cliff proportionally. In old engines, this adjustment was carried out by a mechanical device (a centrifugal and vacuum regulator affecting the interrupt). In more modern engines to adjust the angle, electronic ignition is used.

Stage IV. issue. After the lower dead point of the tact of the working stroke of the piston of the four.stroke engine, the exhaust valve opens, and the rising piston displaces the spent gases from the engine cylinder. When the piston of the upper dead point reaches, the exhaust valve closes and the four.stroke cycle begins first.

It must also be remembered that the next process (for example, inlet) does not have to begin at the moment when the previous one ends (for example, release). Such a position when both valves are open at once (inlet and graduation) is called valves overlap. The overlapping of valves is necessary for better filling the cylinder/-with a combustible mixture, as well as for better cleaning the cylinder/ss of a four-stroke engine from exhaust gases.

Two.stroke engine

A two.stroke engine. a piston engine of internal combustion in which the workflow in each of the cylinders is performed in one revolution of the crankshaft, that is, in two piston moves. The compression and working moves in a two.stroke engine occur in the same way as in the four.stroke, but the processes of cleaning and filling the cylinder are combined and are not carried out within the framework of separate tacts, but in a short time, when the piston is near the lower dead point, using the auxiliary unit. purge pump.

Due to the fact that in a two-stroke engine with an equal number of cylinders and the number of crankshaft revolutions, work moves occur twice as often, the liter power of two-stroke engines is higher than four-stroke-theoretically, in practice, 1.5-1.7 times, so As part of the useful passage of the piston, the processes of gas exchange occupy, and the gas exchange itself is less perfect than that of four.stroke engines.

Unlike four.stroke engines, where the displacement of the exhaust gases and the absorption of a fresh mixture is carried out by the piston itself, gas exchange in two.stroke engines is performed by supplying the working mixture or air (in diesel engines) under the pressure created by the purge pump, and the gas exchange process itself was called. purging. In the process of purging, fresh air (mixture) displaces the products of combustion from the cylinder into the graduation organs, taking their place.

By the method of organizing the movement of flows of purge air (mixture), two.stroke engines with contour and direct.flowing blowing are distinguished.

Contour purge

With contour blowing, the flow of air (mixture) moves along the inner surface of the cylinder and its head, repeating their contour (hence the name). Inlet and graduation organs. windows in the walls of the cylinder. are located in its lower part. The opening and closing of intake and final windows is carried out by the piston itself, and there is no special gas distribution mechanism. The direction of the air flow (mixture) along the cylinder contour can be carried out by special deflectors on the bottom of the piston and in the cylinder head (in this case, the purge is called the deflector) or a special form of purge channels that guide the flow of air (mixture) to the cylinder head, and the spherical shape of the head. Since in the latter case the air (mixture) in the cylinder describes the loop, this type of purge is called reciprocal or simply loop.

Direct purging

With direct.flow blowing, the air flow (mixture) moves without changing directions along the axis of the cylinder. It is impossible to manage the opening and closing of purge and final windows with one piston, which requires the use of special devices. The valve mechanism installed in the cylinder head can be used, through which the exhaust gases occur (purge windows are opened and closed with a piston), or two pistons that are encountered in one cylinder (one piston controls in intake windows, the other with exhaust).

The advantages and disadvantages of 2 and 4-stroke hanging boat engines

Advantages of 2 strokes over 4 strokes

First, less weight. Example: 15 l.With. 2-stroke 36 kg 4-stroke 45 kg. It seemed. would be 45 kg easy. It is not that simple. The weight of the motor is extremely uneven. About 90% weighs the head (engine itself) 10% leg. No need to forget about the larger 4-tier size in the size of the head. All this is one small, not always convenient handle for carrying, makes this process extremely difficult.

Secondly, the price. 4-stroke engines are more difficult to manufacture, consist of more details, therefore it is always more expensive than 2 tactiles.

Thirdly, the convenience of transportation of 2 tactiles. Can be carried in any position, before the start of operation does not require widening. T.e. He took it out of the trunk, put it, started, went.

Fourthly, 2-beat motor reacts more lively to the handle of gas. In 4 hijackers, to make a full work cycle, the piston needs to make 2 full turns while only one in 2 strokes.

Frequent question: is it true that 4 is so much 15 liters.With. runs faster than the same 2-stroke? Answer: No, not true. Both of these engines have a capacity on a shaft of 15 liters.With. Ceteris paribus why one motor should go faster than the second?

Disadvantages of 2-stroke before 4-stroke

Firstly, a higher fuel consumption. Recall that approximate expense can be calculated by the formula: for 2 strokes of 300 grams per horse force for 4 tacts 200 grams.

Secondly, noise. At maximum speeds, 2-stroke engines usually work a little louder than 4 hits.

Thirdly, comfort. 4 strokes do not vibrate so vibrate at low speeds (concerns only two-cylinder engines. One-cylinder and 2 and 4-hogs vibrate approximately the same) and do not smoke as 2-hobby. Smoke of an important point, especially if you like to engage in trolling.

Fourth, durability. Pretty controversial point. There is an opinion that 2-step engines are less durable. On the one hand, this is understandable, because the oil for lubricating the rubbing elements of the engine is supplied with gasoline, which means it does not work so efficiently, unlike 4 stroke engines where the rubbing elements literally swim in oil. But on the other hand, a 4-stroke engine is much more complicated than a competitor, consists of a much larger number of details, and the golden principle of mechanics “the easier is the more reliable” yet no one has canceled.

x Tarpet or 4x.stroke engine Motokosa, which one to choose?

For internal combustion engines, “tact” is understood to mean the movement of the piston (up or down) in one direction. At the same time, the crankshaft make a full revolution and drives the working mechanisms of the motorcycle. It clearly follows that the lawn mower with a 4.stroke engine compared to the 2x stact analogue works more intensively. To everything, the amount of fuel consumed in the four.stroke engine is significantly lower, which is achieved due to a more rational design.

Objectively, four.stroke engines are more complex in their constructive features. Respectively, the cost of their production is higher and the final price for consumers is greater. In many cases, it is the price that serves as a determining factor for the final consumer. But at the same time, it is advisable to take into account other, no less significant criteria, such as the intensity of operation and the time required for mowing grass on the site directly depend on the type of vegetation, area and irregularities of the soil.

Gas exchange and fuel consumption

Working cycle of an internal combustion engine of any type. A complex of constantly repeating processes:

• filling the cylinder container with a mixture of fuel,
• compression,
• ignition and transformation under pressure piston into compressed gas,
• the expansion of the volume of the gas mixture in the cylinder chamber and the transfer of the liberated energy to the crankshaft.

Four.stroke engines consume less fuel, the sound of work is quieter. Since oil does not burn in the combustion chamber, the exhaust gases do not burn less discomfort when working. In the complex, this of course affects the overall weight of motorcycles, with 4.stroke engine they are much heavier and more voluminous.

Also, among the significant points that should be paid attention to:

• Little power provided by the manufacturer for a particular engine,
• fuel consumption per unit of working time,
• The requirement for lubrication and the composition of oils added to gasoline.

In two-stroke engines, the liter power has a coefficient in the range of 1.5-1.8 with respect to the four-stroke engine of an equal volume. This means that a two.stroke engine is at least one and a half times more powerful with an equal working volume of the cylinder.

Regarding the comparison of 2 and 4-stroke engines according to their lubrication requirements, regarding motorcycle with a 4-stroke engine, they are higher to the quality of the oil, while you need to replace oil in a four-stroke engine to develop a certain amount of motorcycles, in a two-stroke, butter you need to constantly add to fuel.

A look at motorcycles with a 2-stroke and 4-stroke engine from the point of view of an ordinary consumer

One of the important factors when evaluating motorcycles from the point of view of an ordinary consumer is the complexity of regular engine service. For models with a 2-stroke engine, this process is much easier and in most cases can be made at home if many tools for working with automobile or motorcycle engines have the available tools. This is possible due to a simpler design, the absence of a gas distribution system and a lubricant system. With a four.stroke engine, you need to tinker and its maintenance is more rational in a specialized workshop.

Four.stroke engine

The process of mixing oil with gasoline in a 2-stroke engine is carried out as simple as possible. To do this, mixing oil with gasoline in the proportion recommended by the manufacturer in a regular fuel canister. Such a system is more simple than in 4-stroke engines. Nevertheless, it is in engines with four strokes that you may not think about oil every time before the next exit to the lawn.

In a four.stroke engine, gasoline oil with gasoline does not need to be mixed. The engine device provides for equipping a classic.type lubricant with a lubricant system.

The requirements for the quality of the oil is very different for the quality. For four.stroke engines, it should be more stable quality in the main characteristics and ensure prolonged work of the motor. Better if the oil of one manufacturer with the same characteristics is constantly used. For 2-stroke engines, this issue is not of fundamental importance-for the operation of such engines, selecting oil is much easier and cheaper.

In the engines of both types, the air cooling system is used. Some manufacturers complete the motors with safety systems that muffle and do not allow the engine in case of overheating.

With different operating modes, engines behave differently. “Accelerates” 2.stroke much faster. But also heated during work faster, especially with large loads. Accordingly, more frequent breaks in work are required for cooling, more time is spent on the mowing.

What conclusions follow from the above? Motokos with a 4-step engine-a professional tool. They are more difficult to maintain and repair, but this pays off the frequency of purchase of consumables and their much longer service life. If financial and physical capabilities allow (do not forget about weight), it is better to give preference to motorcycles with a 4-stroke engine, of course, if the volume of work is appropriate. It makes no sense to overpay for the 4th stroke engine to pump out several hundredths several times a season. If the area and frequency of the slope is small, 2-stroke engines will be able to serve quite reliably and for a long time on the household.

Motobobic selection by engine

Basin engines are used on motoblocks today. Almost all modern motoblocks still use four.stroke engines. The engine of the walk.behind tractor is equipped with an automatic rotation frequency regulator, which greatly simplifies the work. The nominal power of the engine of the light motoblocks is considered to be from several units.up to 7-8 l.With., Ground engines are rarely used. You can determine which power of the engine is better to use, depending on the area of ​​the site on which the one.legged tractor will be used.

2 hectares. use unequal tractor ineffectively.

Undoubtedly, more powerful engines will allow any work with greater ease. Fuel consumption in more powerful engines often does not exceed 3 liters per hour, which means that even with such a consumption, one canister is enough for many hours of work. However, in this case, there will be a large mass of the engine in this case, which increases with maximum power.

Another important point that should be taken into account here is the durability of motoblock engines. Here. on the contrary: insufficiently powerful engines always operate on their power limit, and this means that the motorcycle resource will be produced faster, and the device will be more often out of order. What also applies to the gearbox, and the rest of the components. Therefore, the uno.like tractor with a very low.power engine, it has a very light mass, is almost always inferior in reliability to more powerful “brothers”.

When choosing the power of the motor block engine, you should know that the calculated load of the walk.behind tract must be no more than 20 cm of cutter width per 1 liter.With. for a quad-stroke engine (1.5 times more, this value can be in the case of 2 stroke). If a

The same.based tractor has a capture width of 60 cm, the engine power is “minimum”. this is 3 liters.With.

An example of choosing a walk-behind tractor with a 4-stroke Honda engine.

The GX 25 or GX 35 engine is installed on the walk.behind tractor. Then, this is a mini-one-legged tractor that is used in very small areas, or by people whose physical capabilities do not allow “heavy” techniques.

The Honda Model GX 100. this one.axine tractor can be used in areas of up to 20 acres (and the capture width will be no more than 60 cm).

GX 120 engine-such a single tractor can have a capture width of up to 80 cm, and can, in principle, be used in areas of 50-60 acres.

GX 160 engine. Unoic tractor should be used in areas up to 60 acres.

And so on. Why is that? You can take a smaller power, but such a single tractor will be with a lower capture (and whether this option is appropriate for a larger area. at the discretion of the customer).

The most reliable motors of Japanese, also Italian, and American manufacturers are considered to be. Question: If I want to use the one.based tractor as a conveyor, using a hinged trailer, what the power should be in this case? Answer: Minimum. 6 liters.With., But better, if a little more.

Question: Do two.stroke engines are now available? For a walk.behind engineer, two.stroke? Answer: Previously, two.strokes used in “small” gas technology. Even in the advantage. Probably the reason for this was that there were not so many good (and suitable in parameters and price). Still, daily “cooking” a gas-oil mixture is not for the faint of heart.

Today, many, including well.known ones, are in their line of models along with professional, and semi.professional four.stroke units (similar power and quality). Which is more advisable. the consumer decides.

And finally, the models with what engine power are most popular today? The answer is this: they usually buy motoblocks with maximum power from four (inclusive) to six (inclusive) horsepower. If we are talking about the exit from this “Liapason” in the greater direction, such blocks also, in principle, have their own demand (though this is more likely a different “class” of technology).

We hope the above information will be useful when choosing. Questions and Комментарии и мнения владельцев can be left here (in the Комментарии и мнения владельцев on the review).

The principle of operation of a two.stroke engine

Some people ask how a two.stroke engine works? Air fire with fuel occurs on every circle of crankshaft. There is no gas distribution mechanism. This simplifies the design and reduces the weight weight. The injection of the working mixture, and exhaust gases are released through specialized windows located in the sleeve. At the right time, they overlap with a piston element.

2 tacts occur in one cycle. The final window is located above the intake. Moving down, the piston opens the exhaust window, and the worked out gases go into the atmosphere. After that, the inlet window opens, and the working mixture enters the cylinder. Moving up, the piston overlaps both windows and creates the pressure of the fuel mixture. After ignition, the action is repeated.

Lubrication system

Power plants with four tacts are equipped with a separate lubricant system. Sliding bearings of a crooked-shaped mechanism are lubricated with oil under high pressure. The gas distribution mechanism is lubricated by spraying oil. The pressure is pumped by the pump by the pump. It has a drive from a crankshaft or distribution shaft.

Motor Carter is filled with oil. The supply of lubricants to the pump is carried out through the oil receiver. To prevent lubricants from getting into the working mixture, the pistons are equipped with oil.cut rings, and the valve of the gas distribution mechanism with protective caps.

A power unit, a working cycle of which occurs in one circle of crankshaft, does not have a separate lubricant system. Lubrication of parts occurs fuel mixture. To do this, oil is added to gasoline.

Attention: depending on the model, the principle of adding oil to the fuel mixture may differ. Some versions have a specialized pump suboser that supplies lubricants to the carburetor or collection collector. Such models have oil tank.

Four.stroke engine. pros

• Less switching is required, this simplifies the ride somewhat.
• A more smooth move and sensation, since the engine power is more stable.
• As a rule, repair is required less often.
• Maximum torque at lower speeds.
• It’s easier to ride, especially for beginners.
• No need to mix oil with gasoline.
• Pure work, emissions below.

• Higher initial cost.
• Possible repair and modification will most likely be more expensive.
• heavy and bulky. Think about transportation and dragging equipment with your hands (for example, in the forest).

In any case, we are sure that the whole family. both children and adults. can enjoy riding motorcycles or ATVs in rough terrain. It’s better than sitting at the screens at home.

Our employees have all the necessary knowledge and skills, call us, write to us, come to us, ask questions and we will help you choose exactly what you need.

Classification of motoblocks

The same.based tractor consists of an engine, transmission, chassis, aggregation systems and control systems.

Motobobok engine

Motobobes mainly use gasoline and diesel engines: on old models. two.stroke, on new ones. four.stroke. But there may be electrical. Motor block engines are supplied with automatic rotation frequency regulators, simplifying the operation of the operator. The range of the nominal power of the engines in light motoblocks is 1-5 liters. With., And in heavy 4-10 l. With. powerful engines on motor blocks are rarely used.

• Two.stroke. The main advantage of two.stroke gasoline engines is high power, so such motoblocks are usually able to loosen the virgin soil (trampled soil).However, unlike four.stroke, this type of engine consumes more fuel (about 30 % more compared to a four.stroke engine similar in power). In addition, you need to prepare a gasoline-oil mixture that is poured into the fuel tank. If you add oil less than required by proportions (which is indicated on the packaging), the piston system will wear out quickly, and with excess oil adding, the motor will. Due to the above shortcomings, many manufacturers switch to the installation of four-stroke or diesel engines, so two-stroke models in the market are becoming less and less.It is worth purchasing a two.stroke uno.tower only if you plan to engage exclusively with the cultivation of small sections or flower beds. it is better to take a four.stroke or diesel model for shabes in arable land.
• Four.stroke (gasoline). The most popular type of gasoline engines for motoblocks and cultivators.Depending on the power of the model, motoblocks with similar engines are used to process land plots from 5 to 20 acres. over, thanks to the constructive features, the engines almost never overheat, so it is very convenient to use them in the warm season. At the same time, noise indicators of four.stroke models are much lower than in two.stroke. Among other things, they have much less consumption of gasoline and oil for lubrication (depending on the model).However, in almost all cases, with equal power indicators, four.stroke motor blocks will be more severe than two.stroke. If two.strokes do not exceed thirty kilograms, then four.stroke models can weigh more. And weight directly affects the charter of the operator.
• Diesel (four.stroke). Diesel models are powerful motoblocks designed for plowing large areas, as well as for transporting goods. Due to its dragic indicators, motor blocks with diesel engines for the most part can be additionally equipped with hinged equipment, for example, by a coil, the procurer of the hay, etc.P. Practice shows that the piston system of diesel engines is more durable than that of gasoline (depending on the manufacturer). Also, diesel is less consumed for fuel per unit of time. However, in the repair, such an engine will cost more than a gasoline, and in itself the same.based tractor is an order of magnitude more expensive.Powerful diesel models are suitable for those who plan to earn money on arable land. sometimes this is the only mechanized method in those places where the tractor simply will not pass (it is impossible to drive up to the site or it is surrounded by a fixed fence).
• Electric. Electric engines in comparison with gasoline and diesel do not give exhaust gases, so more environmentally friendly. They also work much quieter. However, the radius of their action is limited by the length of the cord (can be increased with the help of an extension cord), and the cord itself strongly interferes under the feet during operation.The power of electric engines does not exceed 2500 watts, so they will be only interesting to those who regularly process their own small plot in size of not more than 2. 3 acres, and where the Earth is not very compacted.
• Battery. These are low.power models for servicing small areas. Their main advantage in comparison with conventional electric is the ability to plow the Earth in the absence of an active power source. Otherwise, in terms of power and noise, they are similar to electric. However, due to the presence of the battery, the models have greater weight. Also, the battery is enough for no more than an hour, after which you will have to charge.

Motobobok transmission

• Gear (gear) transmission. The most reliable type of gearbox designed for a long service life. Contains only gear gears (cylindrical and conical). Used on heavy motoblocks. Usually have several steps and reverse. Clutch coupling usually has a separate control body. The crankshaft of the engine is located horizontally, perpendicular to the axis of the drive wheels. Such motoblocks usually have a power shaft.
• Tough-brown (worm) transmission. The cheapest and most simple version of the gearbox, which is installed mainly in models with a vertical shaft. Used on light motor blocks.Consist of two gearboxes. upper gear and lower worm. The crankshaft of the engine is located vertically. Usually have a centrifugal automatic clutch coupling and sometimes also a disconnecting coupling. They may have a shaft or pulley pulley to drive a mower from a primary gear shaft. Such programs are the most compact.
• Belt-subm-concept (chain) transmission. The engine rotates the gearbox input via belt transmission, which simultaneously plays the role of adhesion. The most optimal option that combines quality and relatively low cost.Tough and chain gearboards are usually made in a single crankcase. The use of chain transmission allows you to increase agrotechnical lumen. The crankshaft of the engine is located horizontally, parallel to the axis of the drive wheels. For the possibility of selecting power, the leading pulley has an additional stream. Sometimes belt transmission acts as a variator and/or reverse. A toothed gearbox can be single.stage or two.stage.
• Hydrobes. allow you to smoothly adjust the speed of the motoblock and its traction force. Facilitate management. Began to be distributed since the 2010s.

Hinged and trailer equipment for a walk.behind tractor

The same.based tractor, like the tractor, has a fairly large number of different attachments. The basic configuration, as a rule, includes wheels and a cultivator, the consumer acquires the rest of the equipment separately from the walk.behind tractor, choosing only relevant in his farm.

Below I will give only some attachments. Please note that not all is suitable for a motor cultivator.

A trolley for a walk.behind tractor

A widespread interchangeable tool for a walk.behind tractor is a cargo cart (semi.trailer). Medium and heavy classes are suitable for use with the cart.

The trailer serves to transport goods, can be ordinary or have a overturning body.

It should be borne in mind that such an unit is ineffective, since the leading wheels of the motor block are practically not loaded, while the driven carts of the carts perceive the main weight. Consequently, the traction effort of the walk.behind tractor may not be enough to overcome the rise or to move along a heavy dirt road. Also, some trolleys for motor blocks are made active. For this reason, the same.based tractor with a cart is suitable only for moving goods over short distances along solid ground (intra.election transportation, transportation in personal plots, transportation of goods to or from close settlements).

Please note that the one.axle tractor and motor cultivator are not a vehicle admitted to movement on public roads.

Mower mower for a walk.behind tractor

Braids are segmented or rotary (disk). With their help, the tops are mowed, the lawn is taken care of and hay is harvested.

Segmented mowing is finger and non.spall. The principle of their operation is distinguished by the movement of the cutting element: in the first case, the movement occurs in the reciprocal direction, in the second. In the opposite. The segment mower is optimally suitable for those who have to process a sufficiently even land plot. This attachment equipment will perfectly cope with not very thick thickets of grass. After the hour of work, be sure to inspect the mount and, if necessary, tighten them.

Rotor (disk) mower for a walk.behind tractor is suitable for more difficult tasks. Such a mower is single.disc and two.disc. If your unoic tractor is equipped with a rotary mowing, first of all, you need to choose the perfect ratio of the engine speed and the speed of the motoblock movement. These indicators largely depend on the type of grass, its density and rigidity.

The quality of the mowing of the grass depends on the proper setting of the mowal. If you notice the dwarmed areas, this is a malfunction signal. Often, these are poorly sharpened knives or slippage of the belt. In such cases, the knives need to be slightly tapped, and the belt should be pulled. If you feel too high vibration level, check and tighten the mounts.

Hellets for a walk.behind tractor

With the help of cakes, plants are spud and loosen the soil with rows to remove weeds. With the help of cakes, the earth is saturated with oxygen, and, accordingly, cultures give a better and good crop.

Disk hijacker is the most popular and common type of cummen. It is a special rack to which one or two discs is attached.

There is a so-called classic perch-“arrow”. This is a very simple design, which, in addition, directly, hilling of crops, cuts the furrows for their landing. But for him it is necessary to provide a wider distance between the rows. Can be one.row and double.row.

Cultivators for a walk.behind tractor

Cultivation, or soil milling is the basic and one of the main processes that performs the one.based tractor. The essence of cultivation is to crumbling the soil and mixing it at a depth of 30-40 cm. The depth varies depending on the type and model of the walk.behind tractor.

Conventionally, all cultivators can be divided into 2 large categories by the type of working body: the cutter “goose paws” and a cutter of the saber.shaped type.

Sable.shaped knives are often called a standard soilofreza, since this is the most common and popular option. Such a hitch often goes in the basic factory kit. Wide prevalence explains the versatility of the device: it can work with almost any type of soil. Saber.shaped soil.grade knives are made of very strong high.quality carbon steel. In addition, such a milling cutter has a collapsible design, so the installation, maintenance and transportation of the tool is as simple as possible. The steel from which the knives are made is completely not susceptible to welding work.

The “Goose legs” cutter are used in the processing of virgin or solid soils. Such a tool began to be used relatively recently. It manifests itself well when working on rocky ground. In the production of the “Goose legs” cutters, ordinary carbon steel is used, but the advantage is that the tool is welded and repair.

Types of motor systems

Motor cultivators can be used:

• two.stroke gasoline engines;
• battery power plants;
• drives with a four.stroke gasoline engine;
• Network electric motors.

Usually an electric motor is used on the lightest devices. The ultra.light and light type of cultivator can also work from a two.stroke gasoline engine. Their feature is the execution of the working cycle for 1 turnover of the crankshaft. ICE with two working tacts is easier, easier for execution and cheaper than four.stroke analogues.

However, they spend more fuel, and reliability is much worse.

Is it worth using Chinese engines?

Judging by the experience of most farmers, such a decision is quite justified.

Products from Asia are different:

The classic version of Chinese technology is a four.stroke ICE with a single cylinder. Wall cooling is carried out due to natural air circulation.

A typical engine device (not only Chinese) contains:

• starter (trigger), promoting the crankshaft to the desired revolutions;
• Fuel supply unit (from fuel tank to carburetor and air filters);
• ignition (set of parts producing sparks);
• lubricant;
• cooling elements;
• gas mixture distribution system.

It should be noted that there are noticeable differences between specific versions of Chinese engines. They are most often installed on cultivators of the budget category. The Lifan 160f model deserved popularity. In fact, this is an adaptation of the engine of the Honda GX model.

Although the device is inexpensive, it consumes little fuel, it is bad with limited power. 4 liters. With., Therefore, it is not enough for all work.

The ignition in this single.cylinder motor is produced by an electronic system. It is cooled by a distilled impeller of air. Launch is made only by hand. Judging by the reviews, starting the engine is easy. It is equipped with an indicator of the level of lubricating oils, which is extremely useful for everyday maintenance.

In many cases, the engine 168f is a more effective solution in many cases. It is also launched exclusively in manual mode. In addition to the oil indicator, the light winding is provided. Total power reaches 5.5 liters. With. Lifan 182F-R-high-quality diesel engine with a total capacity of 4 liters. With. In comparison with gasoline analogues, the price is due to a more significant resource.

The principle of operation of a two.stroke and four.stroke engine

To understand which type of motor is better, you need to understand the principles of their work. All the internal combustion engine is essentially arranged in the same way: due to the fire of the combustible mixture, the air in the cylinders expands, and pushes down the piston that transfers movement to the flywheel and then. to the drive. But the design of two.stroke and four.stroke models is significantly different.

Four.stroke power unit

One full cycle of 4t motor consists of four tacts (two strokes of the piston up and down). The principle of operation of the four.stroke engine:

• The cycle begins with the fact that the piston drops from the upper dead point to the lower, at this time the inlet valve opens and the cylinder area is filled with a mixture of fuel and oxygen (in gasoline ICE) or only air (in diesel).
• Next, the piston moves upward from the lower dead point, at which the combustible mixture (or air mass) is compressed to a critical level. At this moment, a spark from the sparkling candle (on gasoline units) or a fuel (on diesel engines) enters the combustion chamber from the combustion chamber.
• The contents of the cylinder are ignited and due to the expansion of the air the piston element shifts down, performing useful work-crankshaft, due to which the flywheel and the entire further system moves.
• On the fourth tact, the piston moves upwards, the exhaust valve opens at the same time and the exhaust gases are supplied to the exhaust system.

The third tact is called a working move, because at the same time the piston transfers energy to the flywheel.

Clearrehtaktnik is structurally more complicated than 2 tons, additional systems are needed for its normal operation:

Two.stroke motor

The main difference between the two.stroke and the four.stroke engine is a working move consisting of only two measures (up and down).

Another distinguishing feature of 2-stroke ICE is the lack of a gas distribution mechanism and, accordingly, valves. On the one hand, this simplifies the design and maintenance of the power unit, on the other hand, increases fuel consumption (part of it disappears along with exhaust gases) and reduces the motor resource.

• Compression. while moving the piston upwards, a purge opening opens for the receipt of the combustible mixture, then the exhaust. for the output of the exhaust gases. Further, the piston rises higher to the combustion chamber, and compresses the mixture of oxygen and fuel located in it.
• Inflaim occurs (from a candle or nozzle) and the piston is thrown down, transmitting kinetic energy to the crankshaft, as well as in the four.stroke. After that, according to inertia, the element rises again, pushing the excess and opening the entrance for a new portion of fuel, and the cycle is repeated.

Two-stroke engines do not have a separate lubricant system, and due to holes for the input of the fuel mixture and output of the exhaust gases, cylinders and pistons are more susceptible to wear.

Modifications of ICE 4-MIX, 2-MIX and X-TorQ

For users who know how a two.stroke engine differs the question of the four.stroke engine: why 4t StiHL lawnies need to be tilted with a mixture of oil and gasoline? The fact is that the 4-Mix motor is a model of an improved type, in which the piston passes 4 tacts, but at the same time the unit does not have a separate lubricant system, allowing to reduce the cost of equipment.

2-MIX and X-TorQ are the improved 2T engines in which the incoming oxygen is divided into 2 streams, ensuring more efficient operation of the motor.

Husqvarna has released a 2-model of the X-Torq engine for chainsaws.

What is the difference between a two.stroke engine from a four.stroke

It is unambiguous to say which engine is better impossible: it all depends on what exactly the owner of the vehicle or working equipment is expected from the power unit, as well as on the conditions of use of the motor. Since the advantages of one type of ICE are the disadvantages of another (and vice versa), consider the pros and cons of the engines in certain categories.

The four.stroke engine can be distinguished from the two.stroke in the sound of its work: the first is characterized by even and monotonous rumbling, while the second publishes a loud and piercing rumble.

Power

Many are interested in the question of which engine is more powerful than 2 stact or 4 stact. The installations of the first type can produce 1.5 times more power due to the fact that energy is not consumed on two “extra” piston strokes, but they are not able to work for a long time due to a simpler design and the danger of overheating.

Thanks to a higher rated power, the 2t engine at the start is able to overtake 4t, but at the continuation of the distance it will lose ground.

Economy and environmental friendliness

In terms of economy, 4T units are leading: due to the fact that there are no separate timing and valves in the two-strokes that overlap the intake and graduation, the fuel supply system is less accurate, moreover, part of the fuel simply goes into training. For the same reason, 2T is currently not able to meet environmental standards for cars (there are too many combustion products in their exhaust).

When analyzing the efficiency of a two.stroke ICE, they usually pay attention only to the price and consumption of gasoline, however, high.quality motor oil is more expensive than fuel and also significantly affects the cost of operation.

Type of oil used

Due to the different principle of lubrication of moving parts, oil for 4T and 2T engines differs:

• In four.strokes, oil circulates in the system. it should provide long and stable operation of the internal combustion engine.
• The lubricant burns in two.strokes, so the compositions for such engines are not optimized for long.term use, their main feature is the minimum residual number of combustion products.

The use of inalitions can disable the power unit out of order.

Simplicity of service

In disputes, the difference between a two.stroke engine from the four.stroke, arguments are often given that 2t engines have a less complex design, and therefore it is easier to serve them, however, if you dig deeper it is not entirely true. Two.stroke ICEs are really easier to arrange, and they are easier to repair, but with normal operation of the unit, the maintenance of four.stroke units is largely more convenient:

• No need to prepare the fuel mixture;
• There is no need to drain the excess fuel from the tank in front of downtime (in the tank of equipment with 2t engines gasoline and oil are divided, and work on this composition does not affect the condition of the power unit);
• Thanks to the automatic cooling system, you do not have to constantly monitor the condition of the installation.

Simplicity of maintenance is a controversial issue, it all depends on the owner of the device: it is not difficult for one to sort out the 8-cylinder engine of the car, and the other does not even know how the motor of its trimmer for grass or lawn mower operates.

Reliability and resource

Initially, a larger resource is laid in 4-stroke power units: they have separate lubrication and cooling systems, as well as a less worn-out structure. But 2-stroke ICEs are easier, therefore there are fewer nodes in them that may fail.

The resource of any internal combustion engine largely depends on the features of its use. You can find both 30-year-old motorcycles with two-stroke engines, which are still on the go, and completely “killed” 10-15 year old four-strokes.

Weight and transportation

If we consider power units in terms of convenience of transportation, then there is a clear advantage of two.stroke:

• They have less weight (in comparison with four.stroke analogues).
• The dimensions of the power plant are also much smaller (with an equal volume and the appointment of the unit).
• Due to the absence of an oil circuit, the installation can be transported in any position, while during a coup or strong tilt of 4t engines, oil can pour the insides of the unit, after which it will require a long and complex cleaning.

Car 4-stroke engines, of course, are very heavy, but they are practically not required to be transferred manually (especially in collected form).

Which motor will be better for a scooter

The two.stroke engine has a noticeably less detail. There is no distribution shaft, the mechanism of its drive, as well as the gas distribution valve. He has a simple carburetor, the same simple system of ignition and launch of the motor. He is not demanding on fuel quality. He is simple and understandable. Therefore, often such motors are equipped with a set for repair in the field.

There is no forced lubricant in two.stroke engines, including an oil pump and an oil filter. All this facilitates the weight of the motor. Weigh motors for small boats 13.16 kg. Therefore, two.stroke models have a great advantage if you plan to buy a mobile kit that must be transferred to any position.

• A two.stroke engine needs a gas.powered mixture for work. With a consumption of 50 liters of gasoline, on average you need to purchase one liter of oil.
• Two.stroke engines have a caustic smoky output.
• He makes a lot of noise when working.
• He has a greater fuel consumption. About 30-50 % of the fuel is needed more than four-stroke engines for work.

Every year they gain popularity every year and more and more often you can find four.stroke engines in reservoirs. The four.stroke motor is more complicated. because it has a camshaft, valves and a closed lubricant system. Four.stroke engines are more economical. This is their main plus. It is important that you do not need to mix oil to the four.stroke motor in gasoline. This also affects the saving of funds. For him, there is often enough oil change for the whole season.

A big plus of four.strokes is a stable quiet work at low speeds. The exhaust of such a motor is blessing, and it causes less harm to the environment. This is confirmed by many tests and tests. New four.stroke models have electronic fuel injection, which makes their work even more efficient. In general, four.stroke engines have a higher resource. This is relevant if the engine is used for commercial purposes.

If we talk about the shortcomings, then the need for regular filter replacement remains, and you also have to experience some inconveniences when transporting engines associated with the presence of oil in the engine crankcase.

From all of the above, we can conclude that using four.stroke engines is more profitable. On a small example, we will see if this.

When using a two-stroke engine for the gasoline season in the amount of 750 liters, the AI-92 brand bought for 40, it will take 30 thousand. The four.stroke engine has a large saving of gasoline. about 40% of the money will need less, for the season you will need only 12 thousand. For example, a two.stroke motor costs 160 thousand And his four.stroke analogue is 270 thousand. The difference in price is 110 thousand.

If we take into account the large oil consumption in two.stroke engines, then we can say that the payback in the use of four.stroke engines to the level of two.strokes will occur at 5 years.

But there is another important unaccounted moment. According to marketers, a four.stroke engine resource is enough for not one decade. Therefore, if possible, purchase a four.stroke engine. enjoy the pleasant work of the motor, ecology, durability.