Motocultivator how to make a backhoe. Best models of high-speed tractors

How to make a backhoe on a motocultivator mole with his own hands drawings

A single axle tractor is a mini tractor. Designed for various agricultural operations. With its help, the processing of the land before planting vegetable crops, cleaning the vegetable garden, mowing grass, and even transporting small loads. The higher the power, the faster the work will be done and the better the result will be. One of the most popular ways to increase the power of your power tiller is to mount large wheels. Standard wheels in motocultivating equipment have a size of 57 cm. You can increase the speed if you make a replacement for the standard set of tires, the diameter of which is at least 1.25 times larger. That is, these wheels should have a size of 70-71 cm. Even with such small tires, the speed of the motocultivator increases significantly. If the wheel arches allow you to insert even larger tires, you can try to do this, thereby increasing the speed by several times.

When cultivating the soil with a power tiller, the tines are used. Such wheels are sold in special stores, and they can also be made at home, following the instructions presented on the Internet. Their size determines the speed of the unit, which should be considered when using a power tiller.

Motocultivator mole and everything that is associated with it.

hello everyone. need advice.bought a single-axle tractor mole with rear speed. When I’m tilling I get an occasional speed bump in a minute.Two gears are grinding.the question is what is the problem and what can be done (cable loosened all the way down) or the tube to the gearbox.

grigori wrote : what could be the problem and what can be done (cable loosened on the shift completely) or a pipe to the gearbox.

It is necessary to deal with the fixing speed. Gears go out of gear and scrape against each other. That’s where the grinding comes from. It is common for all. I do not know the details of the Mole with the rear. Wait for those who know the device or study it yourself.

grigori wrote : hello all. I need some advice.Bought a single axle mole tractor with rear speed. When you cultivate periodically the speed pops up after a minute.There are two gears grinding.the question is what the problem may be and what can be done (cable loosened on the shift completely) or the pipe to the gearbox.

Good afternoon. The spring in the gearbox is responsible for shifting. which is obviously weak, that’s why it knocks out the front. When reverse, the cable forcibly presses the fork to the gear, and when moving forward pressing only a spring without fixation. Remedy by installing a stiffer spring.

you have to open the gearbox.

Grigori wrote: You generally have to open the gearbox.

It looks like this. ” the number 5 bump, as I understand it.

Thanks for the tip. I will try to do it myself, even though it is under warranty I don’t trust them to repair it.

valerich wrote : It looks like this. “The nestling is number 5, as I understand it.

That’s right. There is nothing wrong with disassembling and reassembling the gearbox

Today took it to the place where I bought it, replaced the gearbox, they say some kind of bushing is loose as understood where the rod goes to the front back to shift the speed, like the batch is all such a hit.now i’m wondering how long it will last.I’ve been through a hundred on that one.

Quote Message from grigori View post Hi all. need advice.bought a single axle mole tractor with reverse speed. When cultivating, the speed occasionally jumps out after a minute.Two, the gears are grinding.The question is what could be the problem and what can be done (the cable is loose on the shift completely) or the pipe to the gearbox.

I had the same problem while he was new but then it all went away now only once or twice a season and that’s it did not take apart and did not give warranty even in the winter on the snow blower worked all right

tuger. Dear Sir, you wrote that you put pulleys with 4 spokes, how many idler pulleys do you have? ? I bought a single axle tractor with two reverse speeds and gear grinding.You do not want to answer, do not answer, I will wait for the finished product

ytn54 wrote : pulleys with 4 knobs, how many idler pulleys do you get ? I put with 3 knobs tension will be 2

Also 2 tensioners, one on the idle, one on the forward. I decided to keep the change in speed by shifting the belt, that is, one belt on the idle, one on the idle

tuger. Thanks for the answer, it works the same way for me.I get less speed

ytn54 wrote : the speed is less

I had enough of two, and I did without the rear axle. I decided to experiment with a new one. The gear turns out 4.2;3;1.5 respectively for plow, miller and cart.

And the same for me, except for the cart.I have nowhere to go, the roads in the community are paved, to fish 14km for manure, 11, so the cart is unnecessary. But I need the rear one, not often, but I do.A loose coulter makes it easy to steer !

Ytn54 wrote: It’s easy to steer with a free coulter !

Do you have a photo??

tuger. [/B]explains in detail how and why and why you need alterations.A loose coulter will do nothing on its own, you have to change the weight distribution.No photo or video.I just don’t know how to do it, I don’t know anything about PC.I cut the hitch, welded 8 channels to the frame, cut two strips of 75 mm by 200 mm between them and inserted the tabs and stop for the coulter and welded.Also on the side that goes to the cultivator welded bushing outer can not remember and the inner diameter of a bolt under 12vit channel drilled holes for 12.5 all assembled and the coulter was free, the angle of inclination of the coulter picked up experimentally sawing stop Coulter

Why it is profitable to buy from us:

WARNING. Delivery is made to the amount of orders over 3000 rubles.

How to set the ignition

You can adjust the ignition by the following methods.

Use a stroboscope

• Warm up the engine to a temperature that is optimal for work.
• Connect the stroboscope power supply to the mains of the power harvester.
• The sensor that is responsible for the triggering sound should be placed on the high-voltage electric wire of one of the cylinders.
• Remove the vacuum-corrector hose and shut it off.
• The strobe light must be pointed at the pulley.
• Start the engine, RPM should be idle.
• Turn the tumbler housing.
• Create a fixture during which the pulley mark will reach the required mark on the apparatus cover.
• Secure the lug nut.

Use a lamp

• The crankshaft must be turned to a position during which the pulley mark will reach the required mark on the timing gear, with the slider responsible for interrupting and distributing the ignition pointing to the high voltage wire of one of the cylinders.
• Decrease the force that fixes the nut of the distributor body.
• Connect one of the lamp control wires to the metal wire that serves to transmit the electric current that goes from the distributor chopper to the ignition coil, and the next wire to the “mass” of the power harvester.
• Switch on ignition at all times.
• Turn the housing of the mechanism, which determines the moment of formation of high-voltage pulses in the ignition system, according to the arrow of the clock, do this until the lamp does not light up.
• Slowly turn the distributor breaker to the other side.
• Create a lock for the distributor chopper, and the control light should light up.
• Tighten the nut securing the distributor.

Using a spark

• The crankshaft should be rotated to a position during which the pulley mark will be identical to the one at the base of the timing gear, and the breakaway runner will point to the high-voltage wire of one of the cylinders.
• Decrease the fixing force of the nut that keeps it in the housing of the mechanism that determines the moment of formation of the high-voltage impulses in the ignition system.
• Remove the high-voltage wire that is in the center of the mechanism that determines when the high-voltage impulses are formed in the ignition system, and place its contact at a distance of 0 cm from the “mass” of the motor-block.5 cm from the “mass” of the power harvester.
• Do not forget to switch on ignition.
• The housing of the mechanism, which determines the moment of formation of high-voltage pulses in the ignition system, should be turned on the clock hand by 200.
• Slowly turn the mechanism that determines the moment of formation of high-voltage impulses in the ignition system to the other side.
• The position of the mechanism which defines the moment of formation of the high-voltage impulses in the ignition system must not move. In doing so a spark will be created between the contact of the wire, which is located in.
• Tighten the breaker nut.

It can be heard

• Turn on the motor.
• Loosen the nut that secures the tumbler base.
• Slowly turn the tumbler housing in two directions.
• The position of the mechanism that determines the moment of formation of high-voltage pulses in the ignition system should be fixed, in the position when the engine power will be the most stable, and the speed. to reach the maximum level.
• The body of the breaker must be turned by the hand of the clock.
• Secure the tumbler fixing element.

Engine

The main reasons why the engine “Mole” doesn’t start are:

• Lack of fuel (or its low quality);
• the ignition commands discussed above;
• the beginning of the engine, the appearance of decompression and, as a result, the wear of the piston, the deformation of the exhaust valve.

In the first case, it is easy enough to pour the right amount of fuel (mixture of gasoline and oil M-8B Autolom) and all the problems will be solved. In the case of violation of compression it is necessary to disassemble the engine and to replace the crushed parts, which can be a piston, o-ring or other similar.

Deformation of the exhaust valve is another reason for compression problems that can lead to loss of power on the Mole at first and then to start-off problems.

What to return the performance of the engine to make a full disassembly. After assessing the condition of the piston we replace it, if necessary. Change of piston rings, exhaust valve. Examine the head of the motor, namely the gas distribution mechanism, in the presence of fouling. clean it. If parts of the structure are damaged. replace them with serviceable ones.

• Ignition may be missing, if the flywheel plates wedge magneto magnetos.
• Wrongly set clearance between the electrodes will not let the spark jump.

When you get acquainted with the device of the machine, you can safely skip to the repair and maintenance of motocultivators.

Modernization of the KROT power tiller

Mole type power tillers have been produced in Russia for a long time. The first model of the MK-1 “Mole” motocultivator was made as a single-purpose machine for soil cultivation. By the present time technical possibilities of motocultivators have been significantly expanded and even mini forage harvesters have been developed as a set of machines. Outwardly, power tillers resemble power tillers and their basic structural units are the same.

Description of “KROT” motocultivator

MK-1 “Mole” motocultivator:

operating device (rotor); 2. gearbox; 3. operating device knife; 4. gas tank; 5. engine “stop” button; 6. clutch control lever; 7. carburetor throttle control lever; 8. engine; 9. coulter; 10. support; 11. frame; 12. transport wheel

The main nodes of the MK-1 (see. Fig.The following are the engine with the built-in gearbox (described below), transmission, control system, operating elements, coulter, wheels.

Transmission provides the transmission of torque from the single-stage engine gearbox to the working elements and consists of a V-belt drive and the bottom two-stage gear. V-belt drive also serves as a clutch. On the output shaft of the gearbox chain transmission, the tools are installed.

Control system consists of two handles, adjustable in length and width. The throttle lever on the left hand side of the lever controls the carburettor and the clutch lever on the right hand side. To stop the engine, the control has a stop button.

The working bodies are made in the form of rotors, each of which has four specially shaped knives. Two or four rotors are used for the milling drum with a diameter of 320 mm. In the first case, the width of the processed strip is 330 mm, in the second. 580 mm. If you install two additional rotors, which the design of the power tiller allows, the width of the processed band will be 830 mm. The milling drum rotates at 85 rpm and can cultivate soil up to 20 cm deep (depending on setting).

Forward movement of the power tiller is carried out by the rotation of the working elements. rotors, simultaneously performing the technological process.

Tine arm positioned behind the opener and serves as a depth control. coulter height is set in steps.

A pair of wheels in the form of discs with a rubber rim has no drive and serves only to move the cultivator, and during operation the wheels are lifted up.

Productivity of MK-1 at milling soil to a depth of 20 cm is 0.017 ha/h, and at cultivation to a depth of 10-12 cm. 0.05 ha/h, that is, its use on the most labor-intensive operations of cultivation. The coulter height is set in steps to increase output by more than 5 times compared to operating the machine manually. The MK-1 power tiller is supplied with additional devices: harrows with L-shaped blades with a wedge-shaped blade; discs that protect from damage during rotary tillage; hiller. Using these devices, you can complete a unit, for example, for combined processing of potato row spacing: share shares are installed instead of the working elements of the rotors, and protective discs on the shafts of share sections; spudger is mounted instead of the bottom one on the back of the frame. The power unit knives loosen the soil, trim the weeds and move the power tiller at the same time, and the ridging bar loosens two adjacent seedbeds on the loosened soil in one pass on one side each. Such unit cultivates 0,14 ha/h, which is 18 times more productive than doing the same work manually.

Dimensions MK-1. 1300 X 800 X 810 mm, weight 50 kg, it can be easily placed in the trunk or on the roof of the car.

In general, for the modifications of all mole cultivators of the “Mole” type, besides the already mentioned for MK-1 working tools, a small plow, a mower, a semitrailer with a capacity of 200 kg, and a water pump are produced. Front attachment designed to form a motorized cart when connected to the power unit of the power tiller. Sprayer, home saw and other attachments are designed to be used with this power pack.

Modifications MK-2 and MK-3 have 320 mm wheel diameter, ground clearance of 90 mm, track 285 or 600 mm, overall dimensions 1960X800X1170 mm. MK-2 model has one forward gear, providing travel speed up to 7 km/h, weight 50 kg. MK-3 model has two forward gears providing travel speed of 4.7 and 7.1 km/h and two reverse gears (2.8 and 4 km/h), weight 60 kg. This model has an additional pulley mounting option and is equipped with rear and front linkage. With the help of a pulley it is possible to drive various small-sized machines, including those used in domestic livestock farming. To the rear linkage is attached or hitched to it implements associated with the use of traction force (plow, ploughshare, semi-trailer, etc.).). The front one is linked and driven via the V-belt drive to implements and machines with active implements (mower, feed mill, pump and others).

Improvement of KROT motocultivator

For more high performance, I propose to install on the MK 4-stroke engine manufactured in China LIFAN. 160F, with a capacity of 4 hp. This increases the power of the MC at low speeds. No need to increase the engine rpm to work the soil depth of 20 cm (according to the passport). Besides, thanks to the power, the working depth increased by 1.5 times and was about 30 cm. (before the belt slips). The engine easily does the job.

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Another major plus of this replacement. the engine starts when cold or hot. RPM is automatically maintained at a predetermined level. With more power, gasoline consumption remains about the same as in the standard engine, and there is no need to add oil to the gasoline (4-stroke engine).

The installation of the new engine does not require any special efforts and modifications. The engine mounts fit into the standard place. The pulley is taken from an old engine, slightly reamed the inner hole and the keyway.

How to make a homemade reducer for a power tiller

For independent assembly of the converting device on a single-axle tractor, you need to stock up on the following tools:

• a caliper and a metal ruler;
• A set of screwdrivers of different sizes, including an oblique screwdriver;
• Pliers and wire cutters;
• Metal saw;
• An electric drill with a set of metal drills;
• vise;
• Hammers. large and small;
• rubber spacers.

If you have decided to assemble a gearbox for your power tiller yourself, be sure to make a rough calculation. This will help determine, at a minimum, the gear ratio and type of converter you need.

Also with the help of preliminary calculations you will be able to estimate the dimensions of the future transmission device.

To make a correct calculation, determine the parameters of your engine. For calculations, you need to clarify a few pieces of data:

• Engine crankshaft RPM. But this is not a constant value: if you put more gas, it will be much higher. Therefore, the calculations are based on the base. the number of idle speeds plus 10%.
• Calculated number of revolutions for the suspension axle. This is calculated using the diameter of the wheels to determine the coasting per full revolution. Based on this, you can calculate at what speed the axle should rotate to provide the most comfortable speed for the power tiller. This is an average of 3 to 5 km / h.

Let’s look at a simple example: the engine’s idle power, taking into account the increase by 10% is 600 rpm, and to provide a speed of 3 km / hr requires a rotational speed of 200 rpm. Consequently, the calculated gear ratio is 3:1.

How to make a homemade single axle tractor with a motorcycle engine, photo video instruction

Deciding to make a single-axle tractor independently from a motorcycle engine, it is necessary to be guided by an important condition. this is the minimum overhaul and remodeling, as well as the maximum use of used nodes. Of course, to work properly you need experience and knowledge, patience and desire to work. If you apply these simple rules, the end result will be a great farmer’s vehicle, adapted to all conditions. In the event of problems and malfunctions, the basic repair is simply to replace the faulty part.

A kinematic multistage transmission diagram must be developed to ensure the normalized operation of the power tiller. It increases the ratios, torque and tractive force. Also in conjunction with the reducer adapter in the whole scheme of the main reducer. The most efficient engine is obtained by combining the main gear with a geared wheelset.

Thanks to a specialized mechanism, the drive chains are effectively tensioned. This element is attached to the sliders with the help of studs made of steel angles, which, in turn, are able to freely move, tighten, and also loosen the drive chain. A pair of adjusting screws with fixing bolts, numbered M10, enable the above functions to be performed.

One of the most complex constructions is considered to be the main gearbox, made of 10 mm steel plates. Reinforcing discs are located at the mounting bearing location. In order to eliminate the possibility of oil leakage special welding solid seams are made. The rear gearbox wall assumes the presence of a bracket in its structure. It can be used to fasten cargo wagons as well as agricultural trailers. If you attach the cart to a power tiller, you get a real miniature tractor.

( 1 ) How to make a reverse speed, Neva 2.

The gearbox cover is made of a five-millimeter steel plate. It is freely attached to the body thanks to M6 screws. All straight toothed gears come from agricultural machines.

Locking the wheels of a power tiller with a motorcycle engine

An important technical solution concerning the power tiller is the correct wheel locking. It is imperative that the cylindrical neck located on the right half axle next to the splined end be sharpened. On the other axial side, a threaded hole is made. During the rotation of the screw under the number M12, a certain displacement is made under the action of a cylindrical spring. After the specified torque, the half axle comes away from the gears. This is how the wheels are blocked.

Cultivator wheels are made of electric cartwheels. Sixteen slots are cut in all the discs. The plates made of steel are welded there. Then the lintels are added which form the rim of the tillage elements.

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How to replace the engine on a Mole cultivator

Eliminate breakage in the engine

If the engine of the power tiller does not start:

• Blow out with air or disassemble and clean the fuel system;
• Clean or completely replace the filter;
• clear a clogged drainage hole in the cover on the gas tank;
• Replace the spark plugs or magneto.

If the engine stalls or fails to run smoothly:

If the engine is not running at full power:

• clean the carburettor;
• Replace the oil seal;
• Loosen the fastening nuts and align the pulleys;
• Adjust the tension level of the V-belt;
• Replace piston rings, piston and cylinder.

In the manifestation of defects in the work in the form of no starting check the serviceability of plugs and suppressor resistance, check the reliability of the connection of high-voltage wires and the lack of violations of the insulation, and carefully inspect the gasoline hoses for cracks and through rubbing.

Adjusting the k60v carburetor

K60B carburetor is used on the engine of the Mole. If you need to make an independent adjustment, you need to perform the following simple steps:

There are a couple of adjustment screws in the design: for the throttle lift and the quality parameters of the mixture used. In the process of turning the second screw, the mixture is enriched and vice versa. The engine should be slightly warmed up first, after which the idle speed is adjusted. Adjusts the screw position, which is responsible for the quality of the mixture. To this end, it is necessary to screw this screw in one or one and a half turns counterclockwise to the stop. Then increase the number of revolutions.

Replacement of old type spare parts

Old-style machines and units require repair much more often than any high-quality new models. It is this situation that explains the high popularity and demand for parts and elements of the old model. Parts represented by the gas tank cap, spark plug cap, or starter dog are problematic enough to acquire.