What mechanism is used in the device of a hand drill

Control and measuring materials for technical labor for grade 5 and 6 technology test (grade 5)

In my lessons, to check and adjust the level of knowledge of students, along with other methods, I use the testing method. I use tests not only for control, but also for teaching. They allow students to independently identify and fill gaps in their knowledge.

Preview:

Test 1. Equipment of a workplace for manual woodworking

• What is the name of the profession of a worker engaged in manual woodworking?

2.What is equipped with a workstation for wood processing?

• What does not apply to fixing workpieces on a workbench?
• What are retractable and pivot pins used for??

b) to support long workpieces when planing;

• What is the purpose of the front and rear clamp?

b) for easy fixing of drawings and sketches;

b) technologies for creating medical instruments;

c) technologies for converting materials, energy, information;

d) technologies for creating aircraft and spacecraft.

Test 2. Wood. natural construction material. Lumber and wood materials

• What is the name of the thin layer of cells located in the cell; c bark and wood?
• Which layer of wood conducts the juices that feed the tree?
• How is a tangential section of a tree trunk performed??

c) parallel to the core with a distance of some distance.

• Which wood species is not coniferous?
• Which wood species is white with a reddish tint and a weak texture? It is hard and viscous, but quickly decays.
• Which type of lumber is called a bar?

a) lumber with a thickness of up to 100 mm and a width of more than double thickness;

b) lumber with a thickness and width of more than 100 mm;

c) the lateral parts of the log, remaining after sawing it.

c) line formed by the intersection of planes.

a) pressed sheets of steamed and crushed wood to the smallest fibers;

b) Clean, obtained by pressing sawdust, shavings and wood dust;

c) a thin layer of wood obtained by planing or peeling.

• What is a peeling machine used for??

a) lumber less than 100 mm thick and less than double the length;

b) lumber, consisting of three or more layers of peeled veneer;

c) lumber obtained by longitudinal sawing a log in half.

Test 3. Graphic representation of wood parts. Stages of planning work on the manufacture of a product

• What is a blueprint?
• a graphic image made by hand with an indication of the size and observance of proportions by eye;

b) a graphic image made according to the rules of drawing with the help of drawing tools;

• hand-drawn volumetric image.
• Specify the magnification scale?
• Which line indicates the axes of symmetry and the centers of the holes?

c) a dash-dotted line with two dots;

• What does it mean to read a drawing, sketch or technical drawing?

a) determine which mowing lines are used for execution;

b) determine the name, scale, number of species, size, shape and material;

c) determine the procedure for manufacturing a part.

• What is indicated in the technological map?

a) sequence of operations, graphic representation, tools and devices used;

b) a system that determines the procedure and terms of manufacturing a product;

c) part of the production process for converting a workpiece into a part.

• The contour of the part in the drawings is performed by:
• In drawings and sketches, the left view is located:

Test 4. Marking wood blanks

a) drawing lines and points on the workpiece indicating the places of processing;

b) drawing additional, auxiliary lines in the manufacture of the product;

c) drawing points on the workpiece for drawing lines.

• Which tool is used to mark and measure angles 45 ° and 135 °?

a) for drawing lines and scratches parallel to the edges of the workpiece;

b) to measure the angles on the sample and transfer them to the workpiece;

c) for drawing circular arcs and transferring dimensions;

b) serving as the basis for further markup;

• What is used to draw marking lines?
• Which of the following tools are used when marking wood parts?

a) the formation of sawdust in the process of sawing;

b) cutting wood into pieces with a saw;

• What kind of hacksaw is used for shallow cuts and fitting joints?
• What is the name of the attachment for sawing at an angle of 45 and 90 °?
• Which hacksaw should be used if the direction of cut is perpendicular to the fibers?
• What is the difference between hacksaws for ripping and cross cutting?
• What is the name of the carpentry operation, which consists in cutting wood into pieces?
• What type of saw is used for cutting boards and bars?

a) devices for drawing marking lines at an angle of 45 ° and 90 °;

b) a device for sawing workpieces at an angle of 45 ° and 90 °;

c) a device for fixing the workpiece on the workbench.

• Which hacksaw should be used if the direction of cut is parallel to the fibers?

6.Which side are the teeth of a hacksaw for ripping?

How Electric Drill Works?|Tech Science

a) carpentry operation of cutting thin layers of wood from the surface of the workpiece;

c) dividing the workpiece into parts with the formation of chips.

• What is the name of the rough planing plane?
• To level the surface on large areas, apply:
• What is not included in the planer device?
• How the scherhebel blade is installed?
• How to put the plane on the workbench?

c) on the lid of the workbench with the blade to the side.

• How can you control the quality of planing?

6.How to hammer in a nail to prevent the part from splitting?

a) hammer in a nail at a distance of at least 4 diameters from the edge and at least 15 diameters from the end;

b) hammer in a nail at a distance of at least 2 diameters from the edge and at least 10 diameters from the end;

c) hammer in a nail at a distance of 10 diameters from the edge and 15 diameters from the end.

Test 9. Connecting parts with screws. Bonding wood products

• What fasteners are used to connect wood products?
• What shape of the head the screws are not used with?
• What rule must be observed when choosing the length of the screw?

a) the length should be 2-3 times the thickness of the thinner part to be joined;

b) the screw must pass through the main (thicker) part;

c) the screw must be 2 times the thickness of the main part.

• How to prepare the place for a large screw? a) make a recess with an awl, drill a hole 1/2 of the screw diameter;

b) a hole with a diameter greater than the diameter of the screw is drilled in a thin part, in a thick one. blind hole with a diameter of 4/5 of the screw diameter;

c) drill a through hole in parts with a diameter of 2/3 of the screw diameter.

• What tool is used to prepare a hole for a countersunk screw?

a) a viscous substance that, when solidified, forms a strong film connecting surfaces;

b) a film-forming substance that, upon drying, forms a solid, transparent film;

c) a solution of synthetic substances used for gluing wood.

• What natural adhesives are used in workshops?
• In what form is casein glue produced??
• How is glue applied to the surface of glued wood parts?

Test 10. Cleaning the surface of the part. Wood burning

1.What tool is used for stripping wood parts?

• A smoother surface is obtained by cleaning:
• What is the name of the fixture for securing the workpiece during stripping?
• What files are used for stripping?
• What part is not included in the burner device?

1.What tool is used for stripping wood parts?

2.Wood is cut better when stripping:

• What is the name of the attachment for securing the sanding cloth?
• What is the name of a file with a large notch?

5.What is used for wood burning?

a) a device for cutting material along curved lines;

b) the type of saw for dividing the workpieces into parts;

c) a device for securing plywood blanks.

• What are the main parts of a jigsaw?

c) frame, handle, upper and lower clamping screw.

• What device is used when cutting with a jigsaw?
• What tool is used to clean products cut with a jigsaw?
• How the jigsaw teeth are tilted?

1.What is wood product finishing used for??

a) to improve its mechanical properties;

b) to prevent moisture penetration;

• What kind of finish is called transparent?

c) with threading on the surface of the product.

• What is used to make a transparent finish ?
• What methods are used to apply varnishes and paints to products in school workshops?
• How to prepare a surface for varnishing?

a) remove dust from the workpiece with a damp cloth;

b) treat the surface with a sandpaper;

a) for dyeing wood in the color of the sea;

b) for painting in the colors of other types of wood;

c) to change the mechanical properties of wood.

• What kind of finish is called opaque?

c) with threading on the surface of the product.

• What is used to perform opaque finishes?
• What is the name of the dye in the form of a powder, diluted with water?
• How are varnishes and paints applied in enterprises?
• What is the name of a device that performs mechanical movements to convert energy, materials or information?
• What is the name of the device for transmitting or transforming motion?
• What types of machines does the escalator belong to??
• What kind of machines is not included in the group of working machines?
• What does not apply to typical parts?
• What typical part does not belong to the group of transmitting motion?
• Transport vehicles include:
• What mechanism is used in the clamping of the joinery workbench?
• How are detachable connections made??

a) screws, bolts, pins, dowels, pins;

b) screws, bolts, pins, dowels, rivets;

c) screws, welding, pins, dowels, pins.

• What is the name of a connection that can be disassembled only after its destruction?
• What is the name of the connection in which the parts can move relative to each other?
• What mechanism is used in the device of a hand drill?
• Technological machines include:
• Energy machines include:

Test 14. Workstation for manual metal processing

1.What is the locksmith workbench for??

a) is the main part of the workplace for manual metal processing;

b) for securing a vice and storing tools;

c) to secure the workpiece during processing.

• How to correctly determine the height of the workbench?

a) the elbow of the hand, bent 90 ° lower by 100 mm of the upper part of the vise;

b) the elbow of the hand bent at 90 ° touches the upper part of the vise;

c) a straight hand, lowered down, touches the lid of the workbench.

• What part is not included in the device of the locksmith vice?
• In which direction you need to rotate the vise handle to secure the workpiece?
• What is the right stove for??

c) to check the correct processing of workpieces.

• Why is the notch made on the jaws of the vice?

a) to increase the strength and reliability of the jaws;

b) for a more reliable fastening of the workpiece;

Test 15. Thin sheet metal and wire

• Which metal is an alloy?
• What metal is used in its pure form?

Test 17. Straightening workpieces from sheet metal and wire

a) giving the workpiece the correct and ideal shape;

c) an operation performed with a mallet.

• What tools are used to straighten wire and sheet metal?
• What is the float shoe used for??

a) for straightening thin sheet metal with a thickness of up to 1 mm;

b) straightening of sheet metal with a thickness of up to 0.5 mm;

a) by pulling between the nails driven into the board;

b) stretching between two bars clamped in a vice;

• How thick steel wire is ruled?

a) on a leveling plate with a bench hammer;

Test 18. Marking of sheet metal and wire

1.Which of the listed tools are used when marking metal blanks?

• What is the name of the fishing line applied to the surface of the workpiece when marking?
• Which tool is a sharpened metal bar for scribbling?
• When marking a large number of identical parts, use:

Test 19. Basic techniques for cutting thin sheet metal and wire

• What tools are used to cut thin sheet metal and wire?
• What methods are used for cutting thin sheet metal?

a) directly on the workbench table, manually;

• .What types of scissors are used for cutting thin sheet metal?
• .What metal scissors are used in industry?
• .What needs to be done in order not to cut your fingers on the sharp edges of the workpiece?
• a) keep your hands as far away from the edge of the workpiece as possible;
• b) put on mittens;
• c) hold the workpiece carefully, avoiding the movement of hands along the workpiece.
• .How to position metal scissors on a locksmith’s workbench?
• a) place them on the edge, closer to the vice;
• b) put with handles away from you; put handles towards you.
• .What to do to prevent the cut-off piece of wire from flying off when chopping with a chisel?

b) cut the wire and break it with your hands;

c) tie a thinner wire to a chisel.

Test 20. Bending of sheet metal and wire

• .Which plumbing operation is called flexible?
• a) the operation performed in the vise jaws;

b) an operation to give the workpiece the desired shape;

c) operation using bending devices.

• . What tools are used for bending thin sheet metal and wire?
• How the wire is bent?
• How thick wire is bent?
• Which bending method is used in workshops?
• Tool used to bend wires up to 3 mm at a specific angle?

b) wooden blocks used when bending metal and wire;

c) metal bars of various shapes.

• How can you get identical wire rings?

b) flexible on a round mandrel and cutting with a hacksaw;

c) flexible pliers and leveling mallet.

Test 21. Punching and drilling holes. Drilling machine device

• How can you get a hole in a thin sheet metal?
• What tool is used to make holes?
• a) beard;
• .What kind of drill do you drill holes in metal ”
• What part is not included in the device of the drilling machine?
• What kind of transmission is not applied on the drilling machine?
• What gear is used to transmit rotation from the electric motor to the spindle?
• What is the feed handle for??

c) to adjust the spindle speed.

• How to change the spindle speed?

a) change the voltage supplied to the electric motor;

• Which part of the drill is fixed in the chuck?

10.How to prepare a workpiece for drilling?

a) straighten the workpiece and securely fix it in a machine vise;

b) mark the center of the hole with a punch and securely fix it in a hand vise;

c) fix in a hand vise, fix the hand vise motionlessly on the work table.

Test 22. Joining products made of sheet metal with a seam seam

• For which products is the seam seam used??
• What method should not be used to connect thin sheet metal parts?
• At what distance from the edge is the bend mowing line marked when performing a single seam seam??
• Who performs the work on joining thin sheet metal products with a seam seam?
• What tool is used to join thin sheet metal products with a seam seam?

Test 23. Joining thin sheet metal products with rivets

1.What kind of connections does the rivet connection belong to??

• What types of rivets do not exist?
• What determines the size of the rivets?
• How many times the length of the protruding part of the rivet should be greater than the diameter?
• How much the drill should be larger than the rivet diameter?
• What tools are used to make a riveted connection?

Test 24. Cleaning and finishing of metal products

a) cutting irregularities on parts and products;

b) removal of a thin layer of metal with abrasive materials;

c) leveling the surface of the workpiece and coating.

a) processing with abrasive materials in the form of powder or paste;

b) processing with fine-grained sandpaper;

• What tool is used for grinding? a) scribblers;
• Which coating better protects the metal from corrosion?
• Which paint application method is not used in workshops?

a) cutting irregularities on parts and products;

b) removal of a thin layer of metal with abrasive materials;

c) leveling the surface of the workpiece and coating.

a) processing with abrasive materials in the form of powder or paste;

b) processing with fine-grained sandpaper;

• What tool is used for stripping?
• What type of finish is the most common?
• What is the most common paint application method??

Inside a Drill “repair”

Test 25/1. Electricity. Electrical circuit

• What is the source of electric current?
• Main sources of electrical energy:

a) thermal, nuclear and hydroelectric power plants;

• What applies to consumers of electric current?
• What group of materials are insulators?

a) interconnected sources and consumers of electric current;

b) the connection of sources and consumers of electric current prepared for work;

c) source of electric current and contacts to which the consumer will be connected.

• What power plants are used to generate electricity?
• Electric voltage is safe:

Test 25/2. Electric wires. Electric installation work

• To transfer electricity from source to a consumer, the following are used:
• What metals are used to make wires?
• What tools are used to perform electrical work?
• What is used to insulate wire connections?
• What metal is used to make a spiral for incandescent lamps?
• What is the name of a wall lamp?
• What rules are not followed if the house is cold in winter and insufficient lighting?
• Room in the house for rest and sleep:
• What is country style?

a) a combination of modern technologies and a special atmosphere of lighting effects;

b) STIHL and refinement, wealth and greatness;

c) light, exclusively natural materials, an abundance of textiles.

Test 26/2. Room cleaning. Garment care and book storage

• In what sequence is it necessary to clean the room?

a) vacuum, wash the floor, wipe off the dust;

b) wipe off the dust, wash the floor, vacuum;

c) vacuum, dust off, mop the floor.

• How to clean dirty floor areas?

a) soak with water, leaving for a while;

b) use special detergents;

• How to clean outerwear and suit?

The concept of a mechanism and a machine. Test (grade 5)

What is the name of a device that performs mechanical movements to convert energy, materials or information?

What is the name of the device for transmitting or transforming motion?

What types of machines does the escalator belong to??

What kind of machines is not included in the group of working machines?

What typical part does not belong to the group of transmitting motion?

What mechanism is used in the clamping of the joinery workbench?

How detachable connections are made?

□ a) screws, bolts, pins, keys, pins;

□ b) screws, bolts, pins, dowels, rivets;

□ c) screws, welding, pins, dowels, pins.

What is the name of a connection that can be disassembled only after its destruction?

What is the name of the connection in which the parts can move relative to each other?

What mechanism is used in the device of a hand drill?

Var. I. 1-b, 2-c, 3-b, 4-b, 5-c, 6-c, 7-b. Var. II. 1.c, 2- a, 3-a, 4-b, 5.b, 6-b, 7-c

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Stator

As a rule, it is made from special grades of electrical steel that have a very high degree of magnetic permeability. Structurally, it looks like a cylinder with grooves, where a copper wire winding is placed. there are two of them and they are located opposite each other. The stator is rigidly fixed in the drill body.

The principle of operation and the main elements of an electric drill

Electrical maintenance experts say the electric drill is the most popular tool. Today it is almost impossible to find a person who has never heard of her. Many DIYers use a drill not only to drill holes, but also as a mixer to mix paint or mortar during repairs. But we will talk about the device of the most ordinary electric drill and the purpose of its main components.

Cartridge types

In practice, you can find only two main types of this simplest mechanism for fixing the cutting tool.

• The fixation of drills is carried out manually. there are single-sleeve chucks, where the drill is clamped with one hand, and there are also two-sleeve chucks, where both hands are already involved.
• The chuck is tightened using a special key of a complex design. This is considered the most common type of chuck. it is used on all models of modern drills, especially on powerful versions.

Drill types

The industry today produces universal drills that can be used to drill wood, metal, and hard plastic. But sometimes you need to have special drills for a drill in order to quickly drill holes in concrete, ceramic tiles, metal, make large holes in wood, for example, make a neat insert of a new lock into a door.

There are twist and flat drills for this. Impact drills for brick and concrete have proven themselves well, diamond drills for drilling in ceramics and large diameter circular drill for making holes in tiles to hold pipes for water.

Battery model

Cordless drills are very popular with DIYers because the work is not limited by the length of the wire, which allows them to be used in any environment. They also refer to the electrical tool. There are options when the charger is located in the tool storage case, and after work it is stored and charged at the same time. Basically, battery drills have two spare blocks, which are enough for work.

Such a removable battery can be charged for no more than an hour, so you won’t have to take long breaks when you have planned a large amount of work for the day. As a rule, the charging unit is designed for several thousand times, but it is specifically necessary to find out this indicator when buying, there are more expensive replaceable batteries that charge in 15 minutes.

Brushes

Brushes with built-in springs move along special guides in the stator housing during engine operation. they transfer voltage to the rotor, therefore sparking constantly occurs between them and the armature body, indicating that everything is normal. During operation, the body of the brushes, made of pressed graphite, wears out due to constant friction, therefore, they are periodically inspected and changed.

Functional nuances

Drilling tool manufacturers are always trying to equip their products with exclusive options, so today users have the opportunity to purchase an excellent and very high-quality assembly machine. Here is a small list of the main innovations from the developers of modern electric drills.

• Electronic speed controllers. The latest models of the electric tool are equipped with smart controls, they are very convenient. the engine automatically shuts off in case of emergency, for example, when the drill gets stuck inside the hole. Then we turn on the reverse and take out the drill. this way the electronics prevents the engine from overheating.
• Reverse. with its help, the drill is able not only to tighten the fasteners, but also to quickly unscrew them when dismantling. The regulator is located next to the start button.
• Impact mechanism. It is installed on special models, due to its use, it is possible to drill holes in especially hard material. Impact drills can drill concrete and natural or artificial stone.
• Fixing the start button. This function greatly facilitates the drilling process. the worker’s finger does not get tired. The latch is located next to the button, it is very easy to use it: one press and the drill works in a constant mode, a second press unlocks the trigger and it turns off the power supply.
• Drilling depth stop. a metal rod that abuts against a part or a wall and stops the drill at the desired level.
• Recently, such a unique function as additional illumination of the workplace has appeared, which is very useful in places with poor lighting.

Each drill of medium size and power is equipped with an additional handle, which is installed immediately behind the chuck and helps the process: you can hold the tool with two hands and apply constant pressure on it with your whole body.

Test “The concept of a mechanism and a machine

Test task for 5 classes “The concept of a mechanism and a machine”

Viewing the contents of the document “Test” The concept of a mechanism and a machine “”

5th grade. Test “The concept of a mechanism and a machine” Option I

What is the name of a device that performs mechanical movements to convert energy, materials or information? a) mechanism; b) a car; c) detail; d) tool of labor.

What is the name of a device for transmitting or transforming motion? a) working body; b) a car; c) mechanism; d) tool of labor.

What types of machines does the escalator belong to? a) transport; b) transporting; c) technological; d) energy.

What kind of machine is not included in the group of working machines? a) transport; b) energy; c) transporting; d) technological.

What does not apply to typical parts? a) shafts and axles; b) fasteners; c) car body; d) washers.

What typical part does not belong to the movement transmitting group? a) a gear wheel; b) lead screw; c) axis; d) pulley.

Transport machines include: a) lathe; b) motorcycle; c) sewing machine; d) generator.

5th grade. Test “The concept of a mechanism and a machine” Option II

What mechanism is used in the carpentry clamp

workbench? a) fixing; b) fastening; c) screw; d) eccentric.

How are detachable connections made? a) screws, bolts, pins, dowels, pins; b) screws, bolts, pins, dowels, rivets; c) screws, welding, pins, dowels, pins.

What is the name of a connection that can be disassembled only after its destruction? a) one-piece; b) detachable; c) motionless.

What is the name of a connection in which parts can move relative to each other? a) motionless; b) movable; c) collapsible.

What mechanism is used in the hand drill device? a) screw; b) toothed; c) eccentric.

Technological machines include: a) escalator; b) lathe; c) motorcycle; d) spaceship.

Power machines include: a) lathe; b) sewing machine; c) generator; d) drilling machine.

Test 13. The concept of a mechanism and a machine

Tests on the technology “Wood processing” grade 5 test on technology (grade 5)

Technology tests will help test the knowledge of grade 5 students in the “Woodworking” section on all topics

Preview:

Workplace equipment for manual woodworking

• What is the name of the profession of a worker engaged in manual woodworking?
• What is equipped with a workplace for wood processing?
• What does not apply to fixing workpieces on a workbench?
• What are retractable and pivot pins used for??

b) to support long workpieces when planing;

• What is the purpose of the front and rear clamp?

b) for easy fixing of drawings and sketches;

b) technologies for creating medical instruments;

c) technologies for transformation of materials, energy, information;

d) technologies for creating aircraft and spacecraft.

Wood. natural construction material. Lumber and wood materials

• What is the name of the thin layer of cells, arrange with bark and wood?
• Which layer of wood conducts juices that nourish
• How is a tangential cut of a tree made??

c) parallel to the core with a distance of some distance.

• Which wood species is not coniferous?
• Which wood species is white with a reddish tint and a weak texture? It is hard, but quickly decays.
• Which type of lumber is called a bar?

a) lumber with a thickness of up to 100 mm and a width of more than double thickness;

b) lumber with a thickness and width of more than 100 mm;

c) the lateral parts of the log, remaining after sawing it

c) line formed by the intersection of planes.

a) pressed sheets of steamed and crushed wood to the smallest grain;

b) sheets obtained by pressing sawdust, shavings and wood dust;

c) a thin layer of wood obtained by planing or peeling.

• What is a peeling machine used for??

a) lumber less than 100 mm thick and less than double the length;

b) lumber, consisting of three or more layers of peeled veneer;

c) lumber obtained by longitudinal sawing of a log in half.

Test 2: 1.a, 2.b, 3.c, 4.d, 5.a, 6.b, 7.b, 8.c, 9.d, 10-6

Graphic representation of wood parts. Stages of planning work on the manufacture of a product

a) a graphic image made by hand with indication of dimensions and observance of proportions by eye;

b) a graphic image made according to the rules of drawing with the help of drawing tools;

c) hand-drawn volumetric image.

• Which line indicates the axes of symmetry and the centers of the holes?

c) a dash-dotted line with two dots;

• What does it mean to read a drawing, sketch or technical drawing?

a) determine which mowing lines were used to complete the drawing

b) determine the name, scale, number of species, size, shape and material;

c) determine the procedure for manufacturing a part.

• What is indicated in the technological map?

a) the sequence of operations, a graphic representation of the tools used, and devices;

b) a system that determines the order and timing of the manufacture of products;

c) part of the production process for turning cooking into a part.

• The contour of the part in the drawings is performed by:
• In drawings and sketches, the left view is located:

Test 3: 1.b, 2.c, 3.d, 4.b, 5.a, 6.a, 7.a.

a) drawing lines and points on the workpiece indicating the places of processing;

b) drawing additional, auxiliary lines in the manufacture of the product;

c) drawing points on the workpiece for drawing lines

• Which tool is used to mark and measure 45 and 135 ° angles?

a) for drawing lines and scratches parallel to the edge of the workpiece;

b) to measure the angles according to the sample and transfer them to the preparation;

c) for drawing circular arcs and transferring sizes;

b) serving as the basis for further markup;

• What is used to draw marking lines?
• Which of the following tools are used when marking wood parts?

a) the formation of sawdust in the process of sawing;

b) cutting wood into pieces with a saw;

• What type of hacksaw is used for shallow cuts to fit joints?
• What is the name of the attachment for sawing at an angle of 45 and 90 °?
• Which hacksaw should be used if the direction of cut is perpendicular to the fibers?
• What is the difference between hacksaws for ripping and cross cutting?

Test 5: Var. I. 1.b, 2.a, 3.c, 4.c, 5.a, 6.c.

• What is the name of the carpentry operation, which consists in cutting wood into pieces?
• What type of saw is used for cutting boards and bars

a) devices for drawing marking lines at an angle of 45 ° and 90 °;

b) a device for sawing workpieces at an angle of 45 and 90 °;

c) a device for fixing the workpiece on the workbench,

• Which hacksaw should be used if the direction of cut is parallel to the fibers?

In which direction do the teeth of a hacksaw for rip sawing slope?

Test 5: Var. II. 1. a; 2.c, 3.a, 4.b, 5.b, 6.c.

a) carpentry operation of cutting thin layers of wood from the surface of the workpiece;

c) dividing the workpiece into parts with the formation of chips.

• What is the name of the rough planing plane?
• To level the surface on large areas, the following changes are applied:
• What is not included in the planer device?
• How the scherhebel blade is installed?
• How to put the plane on the workbench?

c) on the lid of the workbench with the blade to the side.

• How can you control the quality of planing?
• Smooth and smooth surfaces of wood parts are obtained with the help of:

Test 6: 1.a, 2.b, 3.c, 4.d, 5.a, 6.b, 7- a, 8- d.

• Which of the tools is not used for drilling;
• Which hole is called blind?

a) passing through the entire part through and through;

• What is not included in the brace device?
• Which drill is not used for drilling wood
• What is the drill shank for??

c) to remove cut chips from the hole.

• Which tool is used for drilling?
• What hole is called through?

a) passing through the entire part through and through;

• What is not included in the hand drill device?
• What types of drills are used for drilling wood?
• What is the cutting edge of the drill used for??

c) to remove cut chips from the hole.

• What are the main parts of the nail?
• What nails are for the purpose?
• What rule should be followed to determine the length of the nail?

a) the length of the nail should be 2-3 times the thickness of the part to be hammered;

b) the length of the nail should be 2 times the thickness of the parts to be joined;

c) the length of the nail should be 2-3 times less than the thickness of the parts to be hammered.

• What tool is used when driving nails?
• What tools are used to pull out nails?
• How to hammer in a nail to prevent cracking?

a) hammer in a nail at a distance of at least 4 diameters from the edge and at least 15 diameters from the end;

b) hammer in a nail at a distance of at least 2 edge diameters and at least 10 diameters from the end;

c) hammer in a nail at a distance of 10 diameters from the edge and 15 diameters from the end.

Connecting parts with screws. Bonding wood products

• What fasteners are used to connect wood products?
• What shape of the head the screws are not used with?
• What rule must be observed when choosing the length of the screw?

a) the length should be 2-3 times the thickness of the thinner part to be joined;

b) the screw must pass through the main (thicker) part;

c) the screw must be 2 times the thickness of the main part.

• How to prepare a place for a large screw?

a) make a recess with an awl, drill a hole 1/2 of the screw diameter;

b) a hole with a diameter greater than the diameter of the screw is drilled in a thin part, in a thick one. blind hole with a diameter of 4/5 of the screw diameter;

c) drill a through hole in parts with a diameter of 2/3 of the screw diameter.

• What tool is used to prepare a hole for a countersunk screw?

a) a viscous substance that, when solidified, forms a strong film connecting surfaces;

b) a film-forming substance that, upon drying, forms a solid, transparent film;

c) a solution of synthetic substances used for gluing wood.

• What natural adhesives are used to work in workshops?
• In what form is casein glue produced??
• How is glue applied to the surface of glued wood parts?

Do-it-yourself vertical milling cutter

It is quite difficult to work with a drill, in the cartridge of which such a nozzle is installed, and it is almost impossible to get a final result. If you do not have a milling machine at hand, but you need to use a milling nozzle to perform rough work, then a conventional drill will do. To do this, it is recommended to fix it in an upright position, and secure it securely.

It is interesting! To be able to regulate the rotation speed of the tool chuck, it is recommended to use a voltage regulator.

Homemade milling machine

In order to make rough processing of wood, you will need an appropriate set of wood cutters, as well as a homemade machine from a drill, which you can do yourself. The manufacture of the installation does not require any skills and knowledge, and in each individual case, the design may differ. The main rule of this installation is to securely hold the tool.

To make a homemade milling machine from a drill with your own hands, you will need to perform a number of the following steps:

• A table is being made, for which wood is needed. The amount of wood required for making a table depends on the size of the future device.
• Creation of a platform with a limiter. The drill will be fixed in this site and moved using the appropriate guides. Chipboard and steel tubes can be used to make the site
• Installation of the instrument on the platform. To secure the tool, use steel plates and threaded connectors in the form of bolts and nuts
• Making a handle, by means of which the tool moves vertically up and down

Homemade wood milling machine

The milling machine from the drill is ready to work. You can install the appropriate cutters in the chuck and start testing it

Do not forget that work must be done with extreme caution, since the slightest incorrect movement, and the tool can pull out from the installation structure.

If the constructed device passes the first test with your own hands, then you can make a control panel for it to facilitate work. Such a tool has one significant advantage. it can be used for both milling and drilling. At any time, the drill can be removed and used outside the structure. Do not forget about the negative impact on the drill when working with attachments, which greatly reduces the service life of the tool.

Electric screwdriver motor and how it works

The principle of operation of a brushed motor and a brushless (brushless) motor is different. The most popular motors on screwdrivers are of the collector type. Their advantage is their low cost, and the disadvantage of having a consumable element is brushes. Over time, during the operation of the device, the brushes wear out, so at one point you can find that the motor stops working. Often, such a breakdown is perceived by the owner of the tool as burning out the rotor winding, however, it is enough to replace the brushes or clean (usually copper) for the device to resume its work. Graphite or carbon brushes are used on corded power tools.

In a collector motor, current is applied to the rotor winding through the brush assembly. When a current flows, an electromotive force is induced, thereby the rotor turns from a winding into a magnet. A stator in the form of two magnet plates is located around the rotor. The opposition of two magnets (rotor and stator) contributes to the appearance of a repulsive force, which ultimately leads to the fact that the rotor begins to rotate. The rotational force is used for useful purposes to propel a tool holder with working attachments. This is how all collector motors work, both network and battery types. The only difference between them is that on network devices, the motor consists of a stator and a rotor with windings.

The principle of operation of a brushless motor differs in that the shaft is connected to the stator. The stator is made up of magnets and is driven. The rotor then stands still and is supplied with current directly without brushes. An EMF is induced in the rotor winding, and now, by means of the reaction force, the moving element, the stator, rotates. A brushless motor is more reliable and efficient, since there are no consumable elements (brushes) in it, which means that it is able to work long enough until the winding burns out. They have a drawback. it is high cost. Below is a diagram of how a brushless motor works on an electric screwdriver.

The high cost of brushless screwdriver motors lies in the complexity of their design. To ensure the rotation of the stator from the magnets, not two, but three wires should be connected to the rotor winding. This is necessary to ensure the phase-shifting effect, through which the EMF is induced. To achieve this effect, special devices are used that provide a voltage supply with a phase shift.

It is interesting! The torque from the motor shaft is transmitted to the tool chuck by means of a gear unit. It allows you to reduce speed and increase torque.

Screwdrivers with different types of power supply

During construction, it is often necessary to carry out installation work in places with no available electrical networks, so manufacturers produce screwdrivers equipped with batteries. They make it possible to work at a height, not depend on whether the facility under construction or repair is connected to the power grid, do not move a long and heavy inconvenient cable after you.

Drill and electric screwdriver: purposes, designs and principles of operation

Drill Description

The drill is a hand-held electric machine in the shape of a pistol. Designed for making holes in wood, metal (steel), plastic, brick and (reinforced concrete) concrete. It is used in construction and renovation. at the industrial and domestic level as preliminary installation work. Modern devices, in addition to performing direct functions, “perform” the work of a grinder, angle grinder, mixer, mains or cordless electric screwdriver. Unit design:

• plastic (or aluminum) case with rubberized handle and additional handle;
• collector motor with stator, rotor, armature and brushes;
• keyless chuck fixing the nozzle (drill);
• start button: fixedly snaps into place during long-term operation;
• speed regulator: adjustable depending on the processing material;
• cord with a plug for connecting to the mains;
• metal stop rod: controls the drilling depth;
• diode illumination of the place of work.

Drilling begins with setting the depth gauge and setting the speed: the harder the product, the lower the revolutions should be. The handle is gripped and the “start” button is pressed: the direction of the rig must be along the axis of the hole in perspective. Through the spindle, rotation is transmitted to the gearbox, as a result, the drill is driven into a bar, corner, reinforced concrete foundation

The work is carried out technically carefully, because, for example, a Bosch drill or an Interskol drill develop a speed of ≈ 1300 rpm. plus / minus depending on the model

Materials for car body processing

To carry out the car processing procedure, the following materials are needed:

• foam rubber;
• sandpaper;
• grinding composition;
• bike;
• polish.

The protective coating of a new car may acquire cloudy streaks. In such a situation, a reduction paste containing a grinding additive will suffice.

A variety of tools allow you to solve any problem. For a vertical surface, it is convenient to use a thick paste. Any part of the machine can be processed with it. It is often added to a component that increases the brightness of the color.

Liquid polish is suitable for horizontal surfaces such as roofs or bonnets. The main advantage of such a product is that it cannot damage the enamel.

It is convenient to use aerosols. They are economical and effective. However, the can does not contain very much of the product.

Apparently, for more than four years of operation, my Olympic Gold has never been polished and the body paintwork has lost its original shine and acquired a lot of small scratches. I was not going to give my Gold for professional polishing to the service, because they asked there for a complete polishing of the body from 10K rubles.

I watched a lot of videos on YouTube and re-read a huge number of entries on the Drive and decided that to polish the body of my car for everyone, including me.

The most convenient tool for polishing is considered to be a professional polishing machine, which differs from a conventional angle grinder only by the presence of a speed regulator and a comfortable handle, but its cost is several times higher. True, there are several other tools that can also be used to polish the car body. Of the tools I had only an eccentric sander and an ordinary drill with a speed regulator, of course you can still polish the whole body with your hands, but it will take a lot of time and effort, but the result can you will not be satisfied.

Having worked a little with an eccentric sander, I decided that I would still use an old drill with a special attachment.

I prepared everything I needed and went to wash the car thoroughly.

First you need to wash the car clean, wipe it from all kinds of dirt, determine the places that require grouting. Deep scratches, shells, orange peel, paint build-up, etc.

From insects and strong dirt that was not washed off during washing, a special product helped me a lot.

There were quite deep scratches on my body, so it was decided to first use a hard felt wheel (on the second photo) with Farecla G6 abrasive polishing paste (on the first photo)

At the first stage, we apply Farecla G6 professional polishing paste (on the first photo) to a part of the body and try to grind it evenly over the body area (preferably with our hands). Then we take a drill, set 1200-1800 revolutions on it and put on a nozzle with a hard felt wheel (on the second photo ). We begin to gently grind the polish with horizontal and then vertical movements of the drill. Any sharp transitions, moldings, bumpers, corners, I recommend polishing by hand, because by inability you can go too far and gradually, on these weak points you can get to the paint! Therefore, on large areas I apply polish and polish with a drill, and the rest of the places by hand, with a special cloth.

It is important for a car owner to monitor not only the technical condition of the car, but also the appearance. To put the car body in order, it must not only be washed with shampoo and wax, but also pre-polished

The owners resort to polishing the car body not only in order to give the car a presentable look, but also in order to protect the paint and varnish layer from destruction. Another polishing is done to remove minor scratches on the paintwork. Getting a high-quality result depends on the type of nozzle for polishing a car, so we will deal with their types and application features.

Electric drill. the pinnacle of evolution

Today, the most popular drill, and the most popular tool, is the electric drill. Thanks to the batteries, the tool is quite independent from the power source, allows you to work many times faster and, moreover, has, in addition to the main function, many additional ones. Manufacturers offer, in addition to standard drills, also percussion drills that can partially replace cordless rotary hammers, drill-mixers that will help stir the solution, drills, screwdrivers and miniature angle drills, thanks to which it is possible to make a hole even in hard-to-reach places.

It is worth noting that electric drills do the best with the drilling function without additional functions, although for home use it is better to buy a multifunctional tool that will save money on the purchase of other products. The design of the electric drill differs significantly from previous versions. the effort of the hands here replaces the electric motor, which drives the chuck with the drill. The number of revolutions in this case is tens, or even hundreds of times higher than with manual drilling. from 3000 revolutions per minute! Often, the shape of the body resembles a pistol, but it is better to buy a tool with a centered handle. when working with a drill-pistol for a long time, your hands get tired much faster.

When choosing a tool, pay attention, first of all, to indicators such as power and speed. For household use, a tool with a power of 400 W and revolutions in the region of 4000-5000 will be quite enough

By the way, a tool with a large number of revolutions is quite capable of compensating for the lack of power. The presence of an impact mechanism is a fairly useful modification when working with concrete surfaces, however, it should be remembered that this mechanism quickly becomes unusable.